1. Allergies
KS3 - Allergies

2. Allergies
A short course to learn how to recognise and deal with allergic reactions.

3. Learning outcomes:
I can recognise when someone is having an allergic reaction
I can help someone who is having an allergic reaction
I know when to call an ambulance for someone who is having an allergic reaction

4. Casualty care Always communicate with the casualty and reassure them.
Listen carefully to what your casualty tells you. What has happened to them can be really important and helps with treatment plans.
Always make sure you have the correct information and in the event of a severe allergic reaction dial 999 or 112 for emergency help.

5. True or false
The UK has the some of the highest prevalence rates of allergic conditions in the world.
Around 44% of adults in Britain have at least one allergy.
Severe allergic reactions occur in 1:1000 of general population.
All of these answers are true
Source allergy uk- Nov 2018

6. What is an allergic reaction?
Your body has an immune system that is responsible for defending you against bacteria and viruses. Sometimes your immune system will defend against substances that typically don’t pose a threat to the human body. These substances are known as allergens.
The body reacts by making proteins and releasing histamine and other chemicals into the bloodstream. This is the cause of the symptoms you notice. The way the trigger enters the body can vary. The route can be by direct contact with the skin, inhalation, ingestion or injection.

7. How many things can you list that could cause an allergic reaction?
What causes an allergic reaction?
How many things can you list that could cause an allergic reaction?
the more common allergens include:
grass and tree pollen – an allergy to these is known as hay fever (allergic rhinitis)
dust mites
animal dander (tiny flakes of skin or hair)
food – particularly nuts, fruit, shellfish, eggs and cows' milk
insect bites and stings
medication – including ibuprofen, aspirin and certain antibiotics
latex – used to make some gloves mould – these can release small particles into the air that you can breathe in
household chemicals – including those in detergents and hair dyes

8. Name two allergens for each part of TABI
Allergic reactions A30
T A B I
Touched something (contact)
Name two allergens for each part of TABI 
Ate something (ingested)
Breathed something (inhaled)
Injected by something (bite or sting)
Explain there are various routes for allergens to cause a reaction
Use answers from previous slide to sort into routes for the allergen to cause a reaction
Worksheet A30 asks students to sort into the categories of contact and there are images to create activity if preferred

9. Watch this video
KS3 - Allergies

10. Your turn: Severe allergic reaction
1. Call 999/112
tell them you think someone is having an allergic reaction
2. Ask the casualty if they have an injection with them
people with allergies often carry an injection of adrenaline (auto-injector) 
     with them; if so help them use it
help the casualty to sit in a position which helps their breathing
3. Keep checking their breathing and keep them calm
look at their breathing and listen for any changes
reassure them that help is on the way
a second injection can be given after 5 minutes if no improvement
if they become pale and weak, lie them down with legs raised
4. Stay with them
Remember: your casualty could become unresponsive. Be prepared to start CPR
KS3 - Allergies

11. S&C: Can you expand your answer and say why?
What do you know? A32
If someone was having an allergic reaction...
They may have __________________.
The colour of their skin may be __________________.
They could feel __________________.
Their breathing may be __________________.
S&C: Can you expand your answer and say why?
Some answers: 
They may have difficulty breathing (wheezing), swelling, anxiety etc. 
Skin may be red 
They could feel anxious, breathless. 
Their breathing may be laboured, difficult, wheezy.  

12. Allergy auto-injectors
Images of auto injectors
A casualty that is having an allergic reaction may carry an autoinjector
KS3 - Allergies

13. Medical alert
Examples of alerts that people may wear to alert to medical conditions
KS3 - Allergies

14. coughing (not severely)
Signs and symptom sorter A33
Put these signs and symptoms into the correct columns according to severity.
Mild reaction
Severe reaction
wheezing
difficulty talking
rash
vomiting
sneezing
coughing (not severely)
headache
feeling sick
itchy eyes
tummy ache
unresponsive
unable to breathe
dry skin
confusion
swollen tongue
facial swelling
Important to realise that symptoms can alter and start mild and become severe
All allergic reactions that are severe need immediate medical attention and medication as are life threatening.

15. coughing (not severely)
Answers A33
Mild reaction
Severe reaction
rash
headache
facial swelling
vomiting
sneezing
coughing (not severely)
wheezing
confusion
itchy eyes
tummy ache
difficulty talking
unable to breathe
dry skin
feeling sick
swollen tongue
unresponsive

16. Allergies quiz
Students to form small groups and create an end of course quiz, each group to submit 2 questions to the quiz.
Points are awarded for each correct answer.
Compare answers and share scores. 

17. Check your learning I am able to:
Identify when somebody is having an allergic reaction
I am able to help someone who is having an allergic reaction
I know when to call for emergency help for someone who is having an allergic reaction
YES UNSURE NO

18. Thank you!

19. TABI   A30
Tabletop activity place cards onto worksheet to go with prev slide
Flashcards are handed out and need to be grouped into TABI categories
KS3 - Allergies

20. TABI A30
Flash cards to be printed, laminated for table top activity if preferred or students require support with activity
KS3 - Allergies

21. S&C: Can you expand your answer and say why?
What do you know? A32
If someone was having an allergic reaction...
They may have __________________.
The colour of their skin may be __________________.
They could feel __________________.
Their breathing may be __________________.
S&C: Can you expand your answer and say why?
Some answers: 
They may have difficulty breathing (wheezing), swelling, anxiety etc. 
Skin may be red 
They could feel anxious, breathless. 
Their breathing may be laboured, difficult, wheezy.  

22. coughing (not severely)
Signs and symptom sorter A33
Put these signs and symptoms into the correct columns according to severity?
Mild reaction
Severe reaction
wheezing
difficulty talking
rash
vomiting
sneezing
coughing (not severely)
headache
feeling sick
itchy eyes
tummy ache
unresponsive
unable to breathe
dry skin
confusion
swollen tongue
facial swelling
Important to realise that symptoms can alter and start mild and become severe
All allergic reactions that are severe need immediate medical attention and medication as are life threatening.

23. coughing (not severely)
Answers A33
Mild reaction
Severe reaction
rash
headache
facial swelling
vomiting
sneezing
coughing (not severely)
wheezing
confusion
itchy eyes
tummy ache
difficulty talking
unable to breathe
dry skin
feeling sick
swollen tongue
unresponsive

24. Speech bubble symptoms A31
Colour in the statements you think someone who is having an allergic reaction might say
Mild = green
Moderate = yellow
Severe = Red
Put the speech bubbles out and students to sort if links to having a reaction
S and C can sort into mild/ severe reaction
Also Empathy- thought bubble how do you think someone will feel- can put this on whiteboard and just call out answer
KS3 - Allergies

25. Optional activity A35 Your choice
Create a story board that shows an event where you need to deliver first aid to someone having an allergic reaction.
Design a poster that gives information on how to treat a casualty having an allergic reaction.
Create a crossword puzzle with a minimum of ten clues for your classmates that is linked to the topic of allergic reaction.
Design an information leaflet that explains common triggers and how to recognise symptoms.

26. Optional activity A34 Word search
Students can complete the word search activity which lists key words from this topic. If you wish to complete this activity, please use our downloadable worksheet found on the St John Ambulance website.