1. Writing and Publishing an Article using BibliometricAnalysis
Ts. Dr. Aidi Ahmi, C.A.(M), AIIA
PhD. in Information Systems & Computing (Brunel University London)
MSc. AIS (LMU), B.Acct (Hons) (UUM)
Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy (TISSA) Universiti Utara Malaysia

2. Workshop Objective
To WRITE & PUBLISH an article using Bibliometric Analysis

3. Why Publish?

4. Semua penulis akan mati, hanya karyanya yang akan terus abadi
Semua penulis akan mati, hanya karyanya yang akan terus abadi. Maka tulislah sesuatu yang dapat membahagiakan dirimu di akhirat nanti [Saidina Ali bin Abi Talib].

5. LEARNING Outcomes
At the end of the session, participants should be able to:
understand bibliometric analysis
write an article on bibliometric analysis
publish an article on bibliometric analysis

6. What is Bibliometric Analysis?
A quantitative method used to examine the knowledge structure and development of research fields based on analysis of related publications.
Pritchard (1969) defines bibliometrics as “the application of mathematics and statistical methods to books and other media of communication”

7. …the idea
Use of quantitative methods – statistics – to study & characterize recorded communication - ‘literature’ - of all kinds
In order to:
describe research output with various indicators & distributions
use in evaluating scholarly scientific performance
Key concepts in bibliometrics are output and impact, as measured through publications and citations. 

8. Informetrics Bibliometrics Scientometrics Cybermetrics Altmetrics
Webometrics
Bibliographies – largely references
Science of Science 
Web presence, visibility and impact – links, pages, documents
Cybermetrics - Whole Internet, cyberspace 
Alternative metrics – views, downloads, web citations, etc 
Source: Onyancha, O. B. (2014). Can informetrics shape biomedical research? A case study of the HIV/AIDS research in sub-Saharan Africa 1. Inkanyiso: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 6(1),

9. Short Definition Informetrics
Informetrics is the study of quantitative aspects of information. This includes the production, dissemination, and use of all forms of information, regardless of its form or origin.
Bibliometrics
Bibliometrics is a set of methods to quantitatively analyse academic literature and scholarly communications.
Scientometrics
Scientometrics is the study of quantitative features and characteristics of science, scientific research and scholarly communications.
Webometrics
Webometrics is the study of quantitative features, characteristics, structure and usage patterns of the world wide web, its hyperlinks and internet resources.
Cybermetrics
Cybermetrics is an alternative term for Webometrics.
Altmetrics
Altmetrics is new metrics proposed as an alternative to the widely used journal impact factor and personal citation indices like the h-index. The term altmetrics was proposed in 2010, as a generalization of article level metrics, and has its roots in the twitter #altmetrics hashtag.
Bibliographies – largely references
Science of Science 
Web presence, visibility and impact – links, pages, documents
Cybermetrics - Whole Internet, cyberspace 
Alternative metrics – views, downloads, web citations, etc 
Source: Das, A. K. (2015). Research evaluation metrics (Vol. 4). UNESCO Publishing.

10. Bibliometric Analysis
Sample of studies on
Bibliometric Analysis

12. Examples of Title/Topic
100 top-cited scientific papers in limb prosthetics 
Global scientific production on GIS research by bibliometric analysis from 1997 to 2006
Global stem cell research trend: Bibliometric analysis as a tool for mapping of trends from 1991 to 2006 
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of solar hydrogen generation literature from 2001 to 2014 
Major trends in knowledge management research: a bibliometric study 
Physical Activity and Aging Research: A Bibliometric Analysis 
Evaluating the academic trend of RFID technology based on SCI and SSCI publications from 2001 to 2014
35 Year Research History of Cytotoxicity and Cancer: A Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis 
Impact of Article Page Count and Number of Authors on Citations in Disability Related Fields: A Systematic Review Article 

23. Proposed titles

24. Global scientific production on m-learning research: A bibliometric analysis of documents as indexed in Scopus database

25. 118-year research history of Batik: A bibliometric review

26. Evaluating the academic trend of corporate social responsibility (CSR) research on Scopus publications from 2000 to 2019

27. Bibliometric analysis of worldwide scientific literature in Learning Management System (LMS)
Aidi Ahmi…

28. Major trends in edutourism research: A bibliometric study

29. State of the art and trends of the research on Problem Based Learning (PBL): A bibliometric review

30. Databases Scopus Google Scholar Microsoft Academics Dimensions PubMed
CiteSeerX
Web of Science (WoS)

34. Methods Topic Keywords (search strategy?) Database Coverage
Period
Document Types
Source Types
Country etc.
Date conducted

35. 1. Topic Definition: Set the research question(s)
6. Analysis: Produce and review summary tables, calculate relational statistics and bibliometric measures
6.1. Quality Check: Are there any unrelated results
2. Boundary Definition: Identify keyword(s) and time frame
5. Data Pre-Processing: Preprocess data and refine article database
7. Visualization: Visualize results using spreadsheet or tables, geographic maps and other methods
3. Data Source Selection: Select the web database search
4. Data Retrieval: Retrieve data and structure the database articles
8. Evaluation: Evaluate key results, link with observes reality and possible explanatory relationship
Source: Zare, F., Elsawah, S., Iwanaga, T., Jakeman, A. J., & Pierce, S. A. (2017). Integrated water assessment and modelling: A bibliometric analysis of trends in the water resource sector. Journal of Hydrology, 552, 765–778. doi: /j.jhydrol  

36. Bibliometric Techniques
Publication Counts
Authorship
Citation Analysis
Text Analysis
Keywords Analysis
Clustering
Visualizing Bibliometric Networks

37. Publication Counts
Paper counts, which measure productivity, are the most basic bibliometric measure and provide the raw data for all citation analysis.
Ranking institutions in terms of paper counts helps to compare the productivity and volume of research output among various institutions.
The number of researchers at an institution should be taken into account when comparing publication counts across institutions.
Characteristics of the papers, such as document type, publication year, and categorization method, should also be considered.

38. Research Productivity

39. Document Type

40. Ranking Institution

41. Document Type

42. Languages

43. Most Cited Documents by Country

44. Research/Subject Area

45. Research Area

46. Most Influential Journals

47. Document per year by source

48. Authorship
Author may write articles independently or on collaboration basis. The study will focus on how single author publications get citations in comparison to collaborative works.
Rate of single author citation
Rate of multi-author citation

49. Authorship Analysis

50. Citation Counts
Citation counts are the number of citations that a particular journal or an article receives during a particular time.
Citation count technique is applied to determine how many citations are being received by
A documents
An author over a period of time
An Institution

51. Citation Metric Metrics Data Metric Papers 3118 hI_index 21.23
Citations
19862
hI_norm 37
Years 10
AWCR
Cites_Year
1986.2
AW_index
74.35
Cites_Paper
6.37
AWCRpA
2405.1
Cites_Author
e_index
59.58
Papers_Author
hm_index
41.72
Authors_Paper
3.02
Cites_Author_Year
932.27
h_index 59
hI_annual
3.7
g_index 93
h_coverage
35.4
hc_index
g_coverage
43.6

52. Highly Cited Articles List top cited documents by Number of citations
Citation per year

53. Visualizing Bibliometric Networks
VOSviewer…
VOSviewer is a software tool for constructing and visualizing bibliometric networks. These networks may for instance include journals, researchers, or individual publications, and they can be constructed based on citation, bibliographic coupling, co-citation, or co- authorship relations. 

54. Clustering
“the process of organizing objects into groups whose members are similar in some way”
A cluster is therefore a collection of objects which are “similar” between them and are “dissimilar” to the objects belonging to other clusters.

55. Co-Citations Analysis
Small (1973) proposed another technique, co-citation to measure the similarity between two documents as the number of common documents that cites both documents.
Co-citation analysis has become the dominant method for the empirical study of the structures of scientific communication.
The objective of co-citation analysis is to map the topical relatedness of clusters of authors, journals or articles.
Source: Jalal, S. K. (n.d.) Bibliometrics and Scientometrics: Tools and Techniques. Retrieved from

56. Co-Citations C D
Citations
Citations E F A B
Documents
Documents

57. Bibliographic Coupling
Kessler (1963) proposed a technique, known as bibliographic coupling to measure the similarity between two scientific documents in terms of number of references they make in common.
The strength of bibliographic coupling is measured by no. of references that are in common.
Source: Jalal, S. K. (n.d.) Bibliometrics and Scientometrics: Tools and Techniques. Retrieved from

58. Bibliographic Coupling
Documents
Documents C
References D
References E F

59. Tools Microsoft Excel Mendeley/Zotero Harzing Publish or Perish
VOSviewer
textalyser.net
WordSift.org
CitNetExplorer
CiteSpace
BibExcel
Pajek

60. Types of Bibliometrics Analysis?
Descriptive: It implies the analysis of documents using simple bibliometric indicators. Example: simple counting of publications against authors.
Evaluative: It uses citation techniques to assess the impact of scholarly works. Example: comparison of the contribution of two authors.
Relational: Bibliometric methods to examine relations in science through WoS data. Example: co-citation as a measure of similarity and co-authorship pattern
Bibliometric methods help researchers to understand the developments in the field within the scope of the worldwide research community by answering some typical questions e.g.
Does the numbers of publications in your field increase recently?
Who published the most in your field?
What are the top journals in your field?
Source: Jalal, S. K. (n.d.) Bibliometrics and Scientometrics: Tools and Techniques. Retrieved from

61. Use of Evaluative Bibliometrics
Academic, research & government institutions for:
promotion and tenure, hiring, salary raising
decisions for support of departments, disciplines
grants decision; research policy making
visualization of scholarly networks, identifying key contributions & contributors
monitoring scholarly developments
determining journal citation impact
Resource allocation:
identifying authors most worthy of support;
research areas most worthy of funding
journals most worthy of support or purchase; etc.

62. Discussion & Conclusion
Global trends
Research focus
Contribution
Limitations
Recommendation for future research (propose research opportunities)
Conclusion

63. Sample of articles

64. References
Pritchard, A. (1969). Statistical bibliography or bibliometrics. Journal of documentation, 25(4),
Harzing, A. W., & Alakangas, S. (2016). Google Scholar, Scopus and the Web of Science: a longitudinal and cross-disciplinary comparison. Scientometrics, 106(2),
Bibliometric Basics support/bibliometrics/bibliometrics-basics
Jalal, S. K. (n.d.) Bibliometrics and Scientometrics: Tools and Techniques. Retrieved from
Onyancha, O. B. (2014). Can informetrics shape biomedical research? A case study of the HIV/AIDS research in sub-Saharan Africa 1. Inkanyiso: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 6(1),

65. Thank You!

66. Ts. Dr. Aidi Ahmi, C.A.(M), AIIA
Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy (TISSA) Universiti Utara Malaysia
06010 UUM Sintok, Kedah, MALAYSIA
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