1. Grammar Review For 10th grade C Liceo Bicentenario Ciudad de Los Ríos
Dpto. de Inglés
Liceo Bicentenario Ciudad de Los Ríos
Departamento de Inglés
Prof. Camila Vega
Grammar Review
For 10th grade C

2. The objective of this presentation is to rehearse the main grammar contents: Present Continuous, Present Perfect and Passive Voice (including Present Simple and Simple Past from previous years) by applying and relating what we have practiced through the year units.
Unit 1: Globalization and communication
Unit 2: Technology and its effects
Unit 3: Outstanding persons
Unit 4: Sustainable development

3. 1. Simple Present Tense

4. Simple Present Tense Uses:
When you are referring to habitual action, actions that you always or never do
When you are referring to unchanging truths
When you are making general statements of fact

5. (habit) He always comes late to class.
Dpto. de Inglés
Examples
(habit) He always comes late to class.
(unchanging truth) The sun rises in the east.
(general statement of fact) They are friendly.

6. Indicators

7. Subject I /We /You/They He /She /It Positive (+) Negative(-)
I eat ice-cream.
You eat ice-cream.
We eat ice-cream.
They eat ice-cream.
He eats ice-cream.
She eats ice-cream.
It eats ice-cream.
Negative(-)
I don’t eat ice-cream.
You don’t eat ice-cream.
We don’t eat ice-cream.
They don’t eat ice-cream.
He does not eat ice-cream.
She does not eat ice-cream.
It does not eat ice-cream.

8. Let’s practice Susie ______________ shopping in Causeway Bay.(love)
They ____________ very good at telling jokes.(be)
Betty _______________________ early.(not get up)
I ______________________ fruit.(not like)
School always _____________ at eight o’clock in the morning.(start)
We usually _________________ at school at half past seven.(arrive)
The dog ________________ me. (like)
Henry ___________ a nice school bag.(have)
She ________________ television every night. (not watch)
I ____________________ that dress.(not like)

9. Subject Verb ‘to be’ Positive (+) Negative (-)
am (‘m)
e.g. I am twelve years old.
am not (‘m not)
e.g. I am not twelve years old. We
You (singular)
You(plural)
They
are (‘re)
e.g. We are very good students.
You are a handsome boy.
You are my friends.
are not (aren’t)
e.g We are not very good students.
You are not a handsome boy.
You are not my friends. He
She It
is (‘s)
e.g. He is the class monitor.
She is my sister.
It is a lovely dog.
is not (isn’t)
e.g. He is not the class monitor
She is not my sister.
It is not a lovely dog.

10. Let’s practice 1. I_____________ happy.(not)
3. You _____________ Japanese.(not)
5. They ____________ busy.(not)
7. Cheung Chau __________ in Kowloon.(not)
9. We _______ good friends.
11. You ______ the monitor.
13. He ______ 2 years old.(not)
2. He _________ sad.
4. We __________ Chinese.
6. Tigers _________big cats.
8. His name ______ Billy..
10. She ______ my mother.
12. I ______ thirteen years old.
14. They ______ good football players.(not)

11. 2. Simple Past Tense

12. Simple Past Tense Uses:
When an activity or situation began and ended at a particular time in the past, in other words, when an activity or situation is completed in the past
To refer to past habits

13. Examples
(Completed action in the past) He was late to class yesterday.
(Completed action in the past) We arrived three weeks ago.
(Past habit) She always wrote a letter to her mother on Sunday night.

14. Indicators

15. Base form Ver to be Was - were Positive (+) Negative(-)
You He
She ate ice-cream It We
They
You/we/they were happy
I /she/he/it was in London .
Negative(-)
She didn’t eat ice-cream
You/we/they weren’t happy
I /she/he/it wasn’t in London

16. The verbs "lived, started, died" are
Regular verbs:
The verbs "lived, started, died" are 
regular past forms. The rule is the
following:
Irregular verbs:
The verbs "was, wrote" are irregular past forms. "Was" is the simple past of "to be"; "wrote" is the simple past of "write".
The infinitive
The simple past
live
lived
start
started
die
died
visit
visited
play
played
watch
watched
phone
phoned
marry
married
The infinitive
The simple past be
was/were
write
wrote
come
came do
did
meet
met
speak
spoke

17. Irregular verb list

18. Let’s practice Fill in the paragraph with the Past Simple
Yesterday Mrs Wall …………………………………..(tidy) her house. She ………………………………………………(wash) the windows and ……………………………….(clean) the floors. Then she ………………………………………….(go) to the kitchen and ……………………………………….(want) to make an apple cake. She ………………………………………..(take) some apples. But she ……………………………………………. (not+have) any butter. She ………………………… (is) very sad because she ………………………………………..(like) apple cakes very much.

19. 3. Present Continuous

20. Present Continuous Tense
Uses:
When an activity is in progress now at the moment of speaking
When an activity began before now and continues into the future without stopping.
When an activity is temporary.
When an activity is developing and changing.

21. Examples I’m explaining something to the class right now.
He’s taking 16 credits this semester.
She is understanding English more and more because she moved into the dorm.

22. Indicators
Present Progressive Tense

23. Structure AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE I am studying You
We are studying
They He
She is studying It
I am not studying
We are not studying
They (aren’t)
She is not studying
It (isn’t)
Am I studying?
you
Are we studying?
they he
Is she studying? it

24. Let’s practice Column A Column B
Use the words of Column A to write sentences in Column B using Present Continuous tense according to the symbol: Affirmative (+), Negative (-), or Interrogative (?)
Column A Column B
1. Peter / go / to the cinema -
2. My brothers / play / videogames ?
3. Caroline / listen / our conversation +
4. I / dream
5. My classmates / pack / their bags
6. You / wash / the dishes
7. Tom / talk / too fast
8. She / watch / the news
9. They / feed / the animals
10. I / read / a romance book

25. 4. Present Perfect Tense

26. Present Perfect Tense
Uses:
When an activity happened at an unspecified time in the past (before the present)
When an activity has been repeated several times before now
When an activity was very recently completed before now
When an activity is not completed in the past

27. Examples
(unspecified time before now) They have already seen that movie.
(repeated activity before now) We have visited New York City many times.
(an action has recently been completed before now) I have just eaten.
(action not completed in the past) I have studied Spanish for many years.

28. Indicators

29. Structure have or has + past participle
AFFIRMATIVE
NEGATIVE
INTERROGATIVE I
You have danced We
They He
She has danced It
You have not danced
We (haven’t)
She has not danced
It (hasn’t)
Have you danced? we
they he
Has she danced? it

30. Let’s practice
Jack ______________ (live) in Boston for the past 15 years.
Janet ______________ (work) for Smith and Brothers before she came to work for us.
Dad ______________ (you/finish) reading the paper yet?
I would love to visit Prague sometime. Unfortunately, I ______________ (be/never) there.
Peter ______________ (play) tennis for five years when he ______________ (be) at school.
I ______________ (work) in Italy for 5 years. I ______________ (begin) working as soon as I arrived.
I'm afraid I'm not hungry. I ______________ (eat/already).
When Jack was at school, he ______________ (learn) to play the saxophone. He ______________ (play) it ever since.
Maria lives in Boston. Before she ______________ (move) here, she ______________ (live) in Seattle for 3 years.
Peter ______________ (go) to Paris last year. That means that he ______________ (be) to Paris 3 times!

31. 5. Passive Voice

32. The Passive Voice USES: When the RECEIVER of an action is the EMPHASIS
Example: Look! A mermaid is found by the fishermen! (What is the main message of the sentence?)
When it is NOT NECESSARY to mention the DOER of an action
Example: I was born in August (Is it necessary to mention WHO gave birth to you? … Who else would it be if not your mom??!!)
When the DOER of an action is NOT KNOWN
Example: Miss Leung’s diamond ring was stolen!! (Who stole the ring?)

33. Structure
ACTIVE PASSIVE eat is eaten (verb) (v. to be + p. participle)
Note: “be” is changed according to
the tense of the sentence (Present, Past, Future)
the number (singular/plural) of the subject of the sentence.

34. Passive Verbs in Tenses
1) Present Tense
Active Passive
-break am broken
- is broken
- are broken
2) Past Tense
- broke was broken
- were broken
3) Future Tense
Active Passive
-will break will be broken

35. Examples Active Voice: Harry ate six shrimp at dinner.
Passive Voice: At dinner, six shrimp were eaten by Harry.
Active Voice: Beautiful giraffes roam the savannah.
Passive Voice:The savannah is roamed by beautiful giraffes.
Active Voice: Sue changed the flat tire.
Passive Voice: The flat tire was changed by Sue.
Active Voice: We are going to watch a movie tonight.
Passive Voice: A movie is going to be watched by us tonight.

36. Let’s practice Rewrite the sentences below by using passive voice.
1. The janitor cleans our classroom every day. ______________________________ 2.Japan exported millions of cars last year. 3.Mr. Chan will feed his dog on canned food _____________________________ 4.Julia rescued three cats 5.The students handed in the reports.
6.Maria crashed the blue car.
_____________________________
7.Alex learned the poem.
8.Steven forgot the book.
9.The technician repaired the DVD recorder.
10.Sue puts the rucksack on the floor.

37. The End