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Ancient Mesopotamia
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Activator Have out World Map (in your notebook) - where do you think civilization began?
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Vocabulary Words Aug 13-17 Civilization Culture Mesopotamia
Fertile Crescent City-states Mummification Ziggurat Pyramid Pharaoh Hammurabi
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Neolithic Revolution A period of transition from hunter-gathers to farming
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Geography “between the rivers” Fertile Crescent
Valley between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers Extended from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf Modern Day Iraq
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Fertile Crescent
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Society cities formed as societies became advanced, social classes developed broken into social classes highest were rulers and priest Middle class were merchants Lower class were laborers and slaves
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Economics based on agriculture
large-scale system of water control, crops could be grown on a regular basis traded for stone, wood, and metal from other societies to build empires
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Innovations Inventions created system of writing (cuneiform)
wagon wheel, potter’s wheel the sun dial ,the arch, and bronze created system of writing (cuneiform) developed a number system based on 60 Geometry to measure fields charted constellations
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Religion Polytheism believed gods to do what humans do
believed many gods controlled different forces of nature believed gods to do what humans do Worship in ziggurats Mesopotamian temple pyramid-shaped monument
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City-States city and the surrounding countryside under one political and economic control Sumerians created first city-states in Mesopotamia Power passed from religious leaders to kings Kings led armies and organized the water control projects necessary to sustain farming
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Role of the City-States
Many roles: Religious center (ziggurat) Political center (palace) Trading center (market) Storage for surplus food Walls served as defense for citizens
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Leadership Rulers were the Priest
Success of crops depended on the gods Believed Priest to be representative to the gods Power passed from religious leaders to kings
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Rise of the Empire a large political unit that controls many peoples and territories Several city-states brought together the Akkadian Empire lead by Sargon became the first in history
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Activity- Primary Source Analysis
Using the primary source analysis documents, you will work in small groups to analyze Ancient Mesopotamian primary sources.
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Summarizer What were the origins, structures, and interactions of complex societies in the ancient Eastern Mediterranean? Your answer should be 2-3 sentences.
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