1. Sex & Obesity: the interaction in between
Zoe Chao

2. Useful Words
interaction 相互关系 estrogen 雌激素 adipose tissue 脂肪组织 leptin 瘦素 melanocortin system 黑皮素系统 vicious circle 恶性循环 adipogenesis 脂肪生成 adipose decompose 脂肪分解 gonadotropic hormones 促性腺激素 semen 精液 dysplasia 发育不良 libido 性欲

3. Sex Obesity Estrogen Key Molecule：
◆ Promotes the accumulation of subcutaneous fat
◆ Regulates the distribution of body fat
◆ Reduces the inflammation of adipose tissue
◆ Interact with Leptin
◆ Interacts with the Melanocortin System

4. Sex Obesity Mechanism of estrogen: To bind with estrogen receptor (ER)
ERα、ERβ

5. Sex Obesity Sexual changes in obesity ◆ Testosterone: a vicious circle
*Testosterone can inhibit adipogenesis
and promote adipose decompose.
◆ Dropping of gonadotropic hormones
◆ Rising of estrogen in MAN
◆ Decreasing of male semen quality
◆ Lowering of urinary pH (</=5.5) in men
**Prader-Willi Syndrome

6. Sex Obesity Consequences ◆Sexual dysplasia
◆ Retarded sexual development
◆ Change of secondary sex characteristic
◆ Decreased libido:
both physiological and mental
◆ Tendency of homosexuality (in men)

7. Reference
[1].Song, J.H., et al., Influence of obesity on urinary pH with respect to sex in healthy Koreans. Urology, (6): p [2].Brown, L.M., et al., Metabolic impact of sex hormones on obesity. Brain Res, : p [3].Carmona-Alcocer, V., et al., Obesity alters circadian behavior and metabolism in sex dependent manner in the volcano mouse Neotomodon alstoni. Physiol Behav, (3): p [4].McCartney, C.R., et al., Obesity and sex steroid changes across puberty: evidence for marked hyperandrogenemia in pre- and early pubertal obese girls. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, (2): p [6].Kraft, C., et al., Obesity, body image, and unsafe sex in men who have sex with men. Arch Sex Behav, (5): p [9].Morisset, A.S., et al., Sex hormone-binding globulin levels and obesity in women with gestational diabetes: relationship with infant birthweight. Gynecol Endocrinol, (11): p [10].Glueck, C.J., et al., Sex hormone-binding globulin, oligomenorrhea, polycystic ovary syndrome, and childhood insulin at age 14 years predict metabolic syndrome and class III obesity at age 24 years. J Pediatr, (2): p e2. [12].Cao, J., et al., Correlation between sex hormone levels and obesity in the elderly male. Aging Male, (2): p [14].Hinz, S., et al., Effect of obesity on sex hormone levels, antisperm antibodies, and fertility after vasectomy reversal. Urology, (4): p [15].Eskandar, M., et al., Impact of male obesity on semen quality and serum sex hormones. Adv Urol, : p [16].Karim, R., et al., Influence of age and obesity on serum estradiol, estrone, and sex hormone binding globulin concentrations following oral estrogen administration in postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, (11): p

8. Sex & Obesity: the interaction in between
Thank you
Zoe Chao