2. Present Perfect
We use the present perfect to talk about:  Unfinished actions or states that started in the past and continue up to the present: I’ve lived in Braga for twenty years.  Life experiences with unspecified dates: My teacher has been to the United States twice.  Finished past actions or events with a result in the present: I’ve forgotten my password! (The result is that I can’t sign into my account now.)

3. Present Perfect – Time expressions
Just
Never
Ever
Already
For
Since
Yet
My sister has lived in France for five years.
I haven’t eaten any cake since I started my diet on 1st May.
Have you ever been to Sydney before? No, I’ve never been to Australia. I haven’t been abroad yet.
Peter has just arrived. He is in his bedroom reading a comic book.
I’ve already packed my things. Let’s go, shall we?

4. Past Simple
We use the past simple to talk about finished past actions at a specified time in the past. Look at the following examples:  Yesterday, I met my friends at the bookstore and we bought a very good book.  Last week, I went to the beach and I tried yoga for the first time. It was amazing!  I finished that book last week. I loved the story about the girl who moved to another city and made a big lifestyle change.

5. Past Simple – Time expressions
Last week/month/year
Yesterday
In the 20th century
In 2010
A week/month/year ago
Last year I visited my best friend, who lives in Rome.
Mary went to the shopping centre yesterday and bought a dress.
I went to university in September 2000.
A week ago, my father had a car accident. Fortunately nothing bad happened; he wasn’t hurt and neither was the other driver.

6. PRACTICE

7. has been has worked went have watched were went was
 A. Complete the sentences with the verb in brackets in the past simple or present perfect.
1. His girlfriend loves Japan. She _________ (be) there many times.
2. Anthony __________ (work) in that big building for four years. (He still works there.)
3. They _____ (go) to Australia on holiday last summer.
4. I _____________ (watch) that film. It´s really good.
5. His grandparents _____ (be) here last Christmas.
6. They ____ (go) to Greece when she _____ (be) only four.
has been
has worked
went
have watched
were
went
was

8. Did see had has lived Have painted didn’t see won
 A. Complete the sentences with the verb in brackets in the past simple or present perfect. (cont.)
7. ____ you ____ (see) any good TV programmes last weekend?
8. I _____ (have) a salad and a soup for lunch today.
9. My brother ________ (live) in Madrid since he went to college there.
10. The car looks different._____ you _______ (paint) it?
11. She _________ (not see) him at the café last Saturday night.
12. A friend of mine ____ (win) the lottery three years ago.
Did
see
had
has lived
Have
painted
didn’t see
won

9. Wrong – I had cereals for breakfast, but I’ve had nothing since then.
 B. Say if the following sentences are right or wrong. Correct them if necessary.
1. ‘Have you ever been to India’? ‘No, I haven’t’.
________________________________________________
2. I’ve had cereals for breakfast, but I’ve had nothing since then.
__________________________________________________
3. She’s enjoyed herself at the funfair last Saturday.
4. I’ve listened to their new album, but I didn’t like it (much).
5. Tom has left university ten years ago.
Right
Wrong – I had cereals for breakfast, but I’ve had nothing since then.
Wrong – She enjoyed herself at the funfair last Saturday.
Right
Wrong – Tom left university ten years ago.

10. Wrong – Rose made a cheese cake for her mother’s birthday.
 B. Say if the following sentences are right or wrong. Correct them if necessary. (cont.)
6. Their cousins have lived in Barcelona since they’ve been teenagers.
___________________________________________________
7. We have lived here for three years and a half. ___________________________________________________
8. My parents worked in that company for ten years. ___________________________________________________
9. Rose has made a cheese cake for her mother’s last birthday. ___________________________________________________
10. I´ve washed your car. It looks really clean now! __________________________________________________
Wrong – Their cousins have lived in Barcelona since they were teenagers.
Right
Right
Wrong – Rose made a cheese cake for her mother’s birthday.
Right