1. Lesson 4: What were concentric castles?
Knowledge: To define the term concentric
Understanding: To examine how concentric models defended towns
Skill: To make archaeological sketches of castle ruins
Last Lesson
Why were stone castles better?
Last Week
What was a curtain wall?
Last Term
At the Battle of Stamford bridge it was the Vikings that won. True or fasle?

2. 1. How were the walls built? They were built in...layers.
2.Make a simple diagram of the walls.
3.Why were they so successful?
Defenders were able to….
From 11 min

3. In the early 1200 it was almost impossible for attackers to take over a castle. The castle walls were so thick and well defended it would take forever to break them. However attackers soon came up with new ideas. It was discovered the square corners of the towers and keep were weak and could be undermined. Attackers dug tunnels beneath them and they collapsed. Trebuchets could also throw huge stones and batter the walls. These new threats lead to the development of the concentric castle. The idea of the concentric castle was brought from the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantium). These new castles had several layers of walls and were defended by water. The towers were round so it was very difficult to undermine them.
EASY
What is a concentric castle?
A concentric castle has...
MEDIUM
How was the idea of a concentric castle developed?
Concentric castles were invented because….
CHALLENGING
Why were concentric castles better?
Give two reasons

4. Task: Label the castle diagram with the parts you already know.
You must include:
Towers
Battlement
Keep
Gatehouse
Bailey
Motte
CHALLENGE
How is this castle different from earlier stone keeps?
How many towers are there?
How many layers of walls?
How are the towers and walls arranged?
There are ….towers.
There are ….layers of walls.
The walls are built one … the ….
The towers are arranged….

6. Task: Using this photograph create a sketch from above of the castle.
Identify and label:
The towers
Battlements
Keep
Bayley
Gatehouse
CHALLENGE
Why do you think the inner walls and towers are in a better condition?
Archaeologists have to analyse ruins and buildings to find out about the past. They make simplified sketches of the ruins and try to piece together what the building looked like

7. Keep
Battlement
Tower
Gatehouse
Baylie