1. A COUNTRY SCOPING ON LAND GOVERNANCE IN SOUTHERN AFRICA: THE CASE OF LAND GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK IN BOTSWANA
Johnson Kampamba1, Simon Kachepa2, Phenyo Mpolokang3, Milidzani Majingo4, Carrington C Nyendwa5 & Loyd Sungirirai6
1 - 4, University of Botswana, Faculty of Engineering and Technology,
Department of Architecture and Planning
5-6 Ba Isago University, Faculty of Built Environment, Department of Real Estate
Presented by: Johnson Kampamba (PhD Candidate, MSc Real Estate, MSc Proj Mgt, MRICS)
NELGA LAND SYMPOSIUM 2019
Paper to be presented at the Nelga Land Symposium
Windhoek – Namibia
3rd September – 4th September 2019

2. Introduction
Methodology
Key challenges
Conclusions
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3. INTRODUCTION – COUNTRY BACKGROUND
Botswana is a middle income country
Land locked country 582, 000km2
Population 2.3 million (Statistics Botswana, 2011);
Majority of people are concentrated on the eastern part (Adams & Kalabamu, 2003);
Per capita income of US$7,726 (Statistics Botswana, 2014)
Gini coefficient of 0.61
2. Are the results if the environment is not well managed.
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4. However, Botswana has also challenges:
INTRODUCTION
However, Botswana has also challenges:
High population growth in urban areas (40-65%);
High unemployment rate (35%);
High levels of poverty (20%); and
Less skilled workforce.
2. Are the results if the environment is not well managed.
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5. RESEARCH APPROACH USED
This study used document review and analysis:
Government reports, Acts and policy documents;
Published journal articles
These reviewed based on the relevant themes using content analysis.
2. Are the results if the environment is not well managed.
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6. RESULTS – KEY CHALLENGES
Land Administration
Land Administration Indicators
Legal and Institutional framework
Land Management and Taxation
Management of public land
Framework for Good Land Governance
Provision of Land Information
Dispute Resolution and conflict management
2. Are the results if the environment is not well managed.
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7. RESULTS – KEY CHALLENGES
Institutional and Legal framework/Dispute Resolution
Lack of synchronisation of legal instruments (Acts, Policy documents)
Deeds Registry only caters for common law land rights;
Deeds Registry is using paper based system;
Disputes not resolved well in time (Land Tribunal)
Compensation amounts not adequate
2. Are the results if the environment is not well managed.
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8. RESULTS – KEY CHALLENGES
Land Management and Taxation
Lack of a well coordinated system
Delays in Land Allocation;
Poor record keeping
Corruption
Shortage of Land in Cities and Towns;
Gentrification
Lack of a computerised Deeds Registry System
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9. RESULTS – KEY CHALLENGES
Valuation and Taxation
Lack of a well coordinated local property taxation system;
Rating Valuation not computerised
Outdated valuation rolls
High default rates
Lack of a well coordinated property taxation system;
Property Transfer Tax - Market value underdeclared
Tax on rental income – does not take into account principal amount
Administered by people without skills in property
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10. RESULTS – KEY CHALLENGES
Management of Public Land
Lack of well computerised system
Disjointed roles;
Overpopulation of elephants;
Poaching
Destruction of homesteads and crop fields
Low crop yields (Food insecurity)
Overdependence on natural resources (eg Sand)
Grazing and fencing policy not yielding results
Lack of green zones in cities
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11. RESULTS – KEY CHALLENGES
Provision of Land Information System (LIS)
Efforts to achieve this are futile (BLIS, SLIMS/TLIMS, LAPCAS)
Information is still disjointed and in paper format;
Documents have been digitised but not web based;
An integrated land information system is still lacking;
Maps (Surveys) Layout and guide Plans (DTRP) Building Plans (Councils); Deeds (Title Deeds) Valuation Roll (Local Govt)
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12. 2019 LAND REFORMS
Differentiate the permissible amounts of ancillary usages for both ploughing fields and Natural Agriculture Zones.
The Development Control Code to allow for changes of use on agriculture land of up to 50% of the total area of the land parcel.
The Integrated Agriculture Farming Guidelines have been amended to allow ancillary use provision of up to 50% of the total area of the land parcel.
Transfer duty from 5% to 30% for Non Citizens.
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13. Conclusions NELGA 2019 Institutional and legal framework
Country Profile and background
If measures are not taken Botswana will not resolve the income disparity.
The per capita income has been reducing from US$16,000 (2005) to US$8,259 (2018).
Institutional and legal framework
Lack of a well synchronised systems could affect productivity and service delivery
Dissatisfied customers and low economic output
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14. Conclusions NELGA 2019 Management of public Land
Land Management and Taxation
Lack of a well coordinated system could result in corrupt acts and double allocations.
This could also lead to delays in allocation of land.
Revenue leakage
Hinders FDI
Management of public Land
Food insecurity would lead to extreme poverty levels
Poaching if not well managed would lead to a reduced population of elephants
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15. Conclusions Recommendations NELGA 2019
Provision of Land Information System (LIS)
The absence of a proper land information system would create difficulties for users as well as beneficiaries.
Recommendations
Botswana should provide a well coordinated framework that can embrace e-governance principles.
Computerising and linking all sectors and units of land administration in order to achieve good land governance which should be web based.
NELGA 2019