1. A characteristic you inherit from your ancestors.
Trait
A characteristic you inherit from your ancestors.
Examples of traits include: curly hair, blue eyes, or being tall or short.

2. A single gene disorder is the result of a single mutated gene.
Monogenic
A single gene disorder is the result of a single mutated gene.
Inherited diseases that are monogenic include Huntington’s disease, polycystic kidney disease and others.

3. Polygenic
A multiple gene inheritance, or a group of genes that together influence a phenotypic trait.
Traits that are polygenic include height, eye color, hair color, skin color.

4. A gene controls the traits that we inherit from our ancestors.
A gene is a unit on a chromosome that determines a specific trait in an organism
A gene controls the traits that we inherit from our ancestors.

5. An example of an allele is the gene that determines hair color.
Alleles are pairs or groups of genes on a chromosome that determine inherited traits.
An example of an allele is the gene that determines hair color.

6. An organism’s allele pairs
Genotype
An organism’s allele pairs
A genotype is the genetic makeup of a particular organism.

7. An observable characteristic that is a result of an allele pair
Phenotype
An observable characteristic that is a result of an allele pair
A phenotype is what you can see about an organism.
Examples of phenotypes are blue eyes or a big nose.

8. An organism with two different alleles for a specific trait
Heterozygous
An organism with two different alleles for a specific trait
One capital letter and one small letter

9. An organism with two of the same alleles for a particular trait
Homozygous
An organism with two of the same alleles for a particular trait
Two capital or two small letters

10. Hybrid
The offspring of two parents that have different inheritable characteristics
Hybrids of different varieties and species are bred in order to combine the favorable characteristics of the parents.
A mule (a hybrid) is the offspring of a male donkey and a female horse.

11. A plant, animal or human which is the result of unmixed breeding.
Purebred
A plant, animal or human which is the result of unmixed breeding.
Purebred is "of only one kind." It's a mix of only one species or thing.
An example of purebred is a cat whose parents were both Siamese

12. A trait that appears in the F1 generation
Dominant Allele
The dominant form of a gene that expresses a trait in the next generation
A trait that appears in the F1 generation
Mendel’s Seven Traits

13. A trait that is hidden or masked in F1 generation
Recessive Allele
The form of a gene that is not expressed as a trait in the next generation, unless two such genes are inherited, one from each parent.
A trait that is hidden or masked in F1 generation

14. A cross in which only one characteristic is tracked.
Monohybrid Cross
A cross in which only one characteristic is tracked.
An example is a cross between a pea plant that is true-breeding for producing purple flowers and one that is true-breeding for white flowers

15. Dihybrid Cross
A study of inheritance patterns for organisms that differ in two individual traits.
Mendel invented the dihybrid cross to determine if different traits of pea plants, such as flower color and seed shape, were inherited independently.