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Chemical Nomenclature
Sodium chloride NaCl Carbon dioxide CO2 Chemical Nomenclature Copper(II) chloride CuCl2 Naming compounds and writing the formulas of compounds
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Interpreting Chemical Formulas
CuN2O6
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Atoms in Formulas C2H4 Mg(CN)2 C: Mg: H: C: N: Na3(PO4)3 Fe2(SO4)3
Na: Fe: P: S: O: O: 2 1 2 4 2 3 2 3 3 12 12
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Foundations for Understanding Nomenclature and Formulas
Understanding Nomenclature and Formulas Requires a Basic Understanding of Chemical Bonding Understanding Chemical Bonding Requires some basic knowledge of the of the Structure of Atoms and the Periodic Table! A key idea in this unit is the power of organizing information in a way that enables us to easily to see patterns and trends.
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Why doesn’t the periodic table list the elements in alphabetical order?
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The Periodic Table of the Elements
Elements are arranged in order according to the number of PROTONS (atomic #). Periodic Table is organized into 7 rows or PERIODS and 18 vertical columns called GROUPS or FAMILIES
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Ar Ca He Cl F Li Ne K Na
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Li F Ar Cl He Na Ne K Ca
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Neon Argon Lithium Helium Sodium Group A Group B Group C Group D
Beryllium Fluorine Helium Neon Sodium Magnesium Chlorine Potassium Calcium Bromine Argon
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Chemical Behavior of Families
Link to Alkali metals Alkali metals and chlorine Link AE metals Chemical Behavior of Families Link to Halogen video Link to noble gases
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MOST IMPORTANT PRINCIPLE OF ORGANIZING ELEMENTS ON PERIODIC TABLE:
Elements in the same family (group or vertical column) will always have similar chemical and physical properties.
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Example: Group 8A (Family 18) NOBLE GASEs
All elements of this family are chemically unreactive gases.
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Xe Cs Sr Si Ga 5) Chemically unreactive?
6) Highly reactive, similar to K? 7) Similar to Ca? 8) Similar to C? 9) Similar to Al? Cs Sr Si Ga
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7 diatomic elements – memorize for test
H2 N2 O2 F2 Cl2 Br2 I2 “HOFBrINCl”
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Staircase dividing Metals and Nonmetals
RIGHT LEFT
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METALS Metals: found to the LEFT of the staircase.
In reactions with nonmetals tend to lose electrons to form + ions.
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NONMETALS Found to the RIGHT of the staircase.
In reactions with metals, nonmetals GAIN electrons to form negative ions.
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Metals and Nonmetals METALS - Shiny, easily shaped, excellent conductors of heat and electricity NONMETAL -Lack metallic properties
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