2. Validity
This refers to the extent to which the test measures what it claims to measure
If an IQ test actually measures intelligence = valid
However, many argue it is not; that it is an invalid measurement
Reliability
This refers to how controlled and consistent a study is
A friend who is consistently late = reliable with lateness

3. Validity
This refers to the extent to which the test measures what it claims to measure
Face – does the test appear to test what it aims to test? (EG. Does IQ testing really measure intelligence?)
Concurrent – does the test relate to an already existing measurement?
Ecological – does the task/experiment reflect that of real life?
Internal – does the test measure what is intended to or has other extraneous factors influencing?
Population – Is the sample representative of the wider target population of the study
Construct – does the test relate to underlying theoretical concepts?
External – looks at factors outside of the study. Who is the study meant to b representative of? Can it be generalised?

4. Reliability This refers to how controlled and consistent a study is
Inter-rater - two or more individuals have a high agreement on a score and therefore the measurement of behaviour is reliable
External - the methods used to measure behaviour receive the same or similar results when replicated
Internal - whether a procedure in a study can be replicated eg. Can the tools used to measure behaviour be used again?