1. Unit 3 Day 7 Chapter 10 Section 4
Brazil
Unit 3 Day 7
Chapter 10 Section 4

2. Portugal gained control of Brazil Largest country in South America
History of Brazil?
The Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) split South America between Spain and Portugal
Portugal gained control of Brazil
Largest country in South America
Colonized by both countries
Portuguese speaking nation

3. Natives and Portugal? Portuguese hoped to find gold and silver
Cleared land for sugar plantations
Settlements along the coast
Interior cleared and natives enslaved, causing many to die from disease
Slaves brought in from Africa
Did not find gold or silver
Sugar became in high demand, so Portugal made a lot of money from Brazil
Lived on coast because the rain forests in the interior made farming difficult
Slaves were from Africa, millions of Brazilians are of mixed European, African and native ancestry

4. Brazilian Independence?
1815: Brazilians demanded freedom
Portugal wanted Brazil to remain a colony
Petition signed asking the Prince of Portugal (king’s son) Dom Pedro to rule as an independent country
Agreed and in Sept 1822 declared independence
Portuguese colony from 1500 to 1822

5. National Culture of Brazil?
Home to many immigrants from Portugal, Germany, Italy, & Spain
Largely a Catholic nation, or African religions mixed with Catholicism
Capital of Brazil is Brasilia
Capital placed 600 miles inland to attract people to the interior
Architect Oscar Niemeyer designed the capital
Largest Japanese population outside of Japan

6. Economic Power Hydroelectric power is largely used
Brazil is one of the most industrialized countries in South America
Largest steel plants that make cars that run on ethanol
Increased urbanization
However, the government is trying to push moving to the interior
The cerrado provides farmland
Many move to improve their economic situation
Ethanol is made from sugar cane and cheaper than imported oil
In 2008, 86% of Brazilians lived in cities

7. Brazilian life today Michel Temer is the current president of Brazil
Brasilia (capital) is the political centre, Sao Paulo is its economic heart, and Rio is the cultural centre
In Rio, many live in favelas, a.k.a. poor slums
Carnival is a feast day in Brazil where people ride on floats and dance in the streets
Samba is a genre of music and dance that is from Brazil but has roots in Africa and the slave trade
Capoeira is a martial arts form that combines acrobatics, dance and music. Sometimes referred to as a game

8. Classwork Instructions: On a separate sheet of paper, copy down and answer the following questions IN COMPLETE SENTENCES
1. What is the Treaty of Tordesillas?
2. Describe what happened to the natives after the Portuguese moved towards the interior of Brazil?
3. What has made Brazil an economic power?
4. Why are the cerrados important to Brazil? Explain.
5. What are some natural resources that can be found in Brazil?
6. What were the Portuguese hoping to find in Brazil? What did they end up doing instead?

9. Modern Day Latin American issues
Unit 3 Day 8

10. Losing the rainforests?
Farming vs discovery
Biodiversity: wide range of plant and animal species
Nearly 50 million acres were destroyed EVERY YEAR
Need for timber is great
New discoveries of plants and animal species
Have to compete with timber farming and crop farming
Many natives clear the rainforest not realizing that the soil is not very fertile
Every day, some 80,000 acres of tropical rainforests are cleared, and another equivalent amount is degraded.
Cures for childhood diseases and curing hypertension just to name a few cures.

11. Impact of deforestation?
Global warming: less carbon dioxide taken out of atmosphere = rising temps
Destroying advancements
Difficult to balance economy and preserving the rainforest
Debt for nature swap
Paying off Latin American debt to preserve parts of rainforests
Successful in Bolivia

12. Gaining the right to vote?
Shown little support of democratic rule until recently
Junta (HOONtah)-- harsh government run by generals
Caudillo (kowDEEyoh)-- military dictator or political boss
Reform and educating the voters
Land reform gives land to peasants
30,000 missing from Argentina in the 1970’s and 1980’s
Caudillo was sometimes elected by the people! Used corruption, greed and wealth to maintain power.
Juan Peron in Argentina.

13. Modern Issues of Latin America in no particular order
Drug Economy
Corruption
Separation of Wealth
Environmental destruction
Womens’ Rights and Rights in General
Inner turmoil and violence

14. Should the United States assist Latin America? How?
Exit Slip
What are some of the effects the Brazilian people have had on their environment?
Should the United States assist Latin America? How?
(Be Descriptive as to why Yes or NO)