1. CHAPTER 9 Mental Disorders
Objectives:
1. Compare and contrast organic
and functional disorders.
2. Describe the four categories of functional mental disorders.

2. MENTAL DISORDERS What are they???
Rooted in emotional, psychological, physical, or biochemical problems.
Can interfere with normal functioning with self, others, and even society.
Can differ from person to person and episode to episode.

3. Mental Disorder An illness of the mind
Affects the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of a person
Prevents them from leading a happy, healthful, and productive life.

4. Can you think of any individuals, characters, etc
Can you think of any individuals, characters, etc. who suffer from a mental illness?
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Big Bang Theory

5. What are some misconceptions about mental illness?
Stigma- Negative stereotype

6. Organic Disorder
Caused by a physical illness or an injury that affects the brain.
What are some examples???

7. Organic Disorder Causes
Brain tumors, alcoholism, infections such as:
Syphilis – Bacterial STD that can have serious long-term effects like paralysis, blindness and death.
Meningitis- Is a viral or bacterial disease caused by the inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
Lupus – Autoimmune disease in which the immune system produces antibodies to cells within the body leading to widespread inflammation and tissue damage.
Stroke - Occurs when the blood supply to the brain is blocked or when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures, causing brain tissue to die.
*Concussion - A type of traumatic brain injury that is caused by a blow to the head or body, a fall, or another injury that jars or shakes the brain inside the skull. Symptoms- Confusion, dizziness, headache, memory loss, sensitivity to light and sound, Nausea, personality changes

8. Functional Disorders Psychological causes
No clear brain damage is involved.
Result from conditions such as stress, emotional conflict, fear, or poor coping skills.

9. Chemical imbalances may also cause functional disorders.
Four main categories: Anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders, affective disorders, personality disorders.

10. Anxiety Disorder – An illness in which real, imagined, or persistent fears prevent a person from enjoying life.
Characterized by continuous, chronic anxiety.

11. Do you have any phobias???
Specific fears that are so strong, a person goes to extreme measures to avoid the object or activity.

12. Anxiety Disorders:
Phobias
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
As Good As It Gets
Scene 2
Panic Disorder
Post-Traumatic Stress

13. Somatoform Disorder
Describes an illness in which a person complains of disease symptoms, but no physical cause can be found.
Hypochondria
“MY GIRL”

14. Affective Disorder
A mood disorder often with an organic cause
Mood swings or mood extremes that interfere with everyday living.
Bipolar, Depression

15. Personality Disorders
A variety of psychological conditions that affect a person’s ability to get along with others.

16. Personality Disorders
Antisocial Personality Disorder- Aggressive / Violent
Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder

17. According to the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL):
19.3 percent of high school students have seriously considered killing themselves.
14.5 percent of high school students made actual plans.
900,000 youth planned their suicides during an episode of major depression.
save.org / Suicide Facts

18. Risk Factors Rejection by friends or peers. Substance abuse.
Death of someone close to the teenager.
The suicide of a friend or someone he or she "knows" online. Divorce of parents.
Violence in the home.
Inability to find success at school.
Feelings of worthlessness.
Other family members have committed suicide

19. Bullying & Suicide
The statistics on bullying and suicide are alarming:
Suicide is the third leading cause of death among young people,
resulting in about 4,400 deaths per year, according to the CDC.
For every suicide among young people, there are at least 100 suicide attempts.
A study in Britain found that at least half of suicides among young people are related to bullying
According to statistics nearly 30% of students are either bullies or victims of bullying
160,000 kids stay home from school every day because of fear of bullying

21. What are some Warning Signs?
Drop in grades, quitting team, apathy- no longer caring
In a happier mood all of a sudden
Showing signs of depression, like ongoing sadness, withdrawal from others, losing interest in favorite activities, or trouble sleeping or eating
Talking about or showing an interest in death or dying
Engaging in dangerous or harmful activities, including reckless behavior, substance abuse, or self injury
Giving away favorite possessions and saying goodbye to people
Saying or expressing that they can’t handle things anymore
Making comments that things would be better without them
They are being bullied
Going through a break-up
Cluster Suicides – several suicides occurring around the same time and place.

22. How can you prevent this from happening to someone you know?
Take all threats and talk of suicide seriously
Talk to them / Stress that most problems are temporary
Don’t leave them alone
Lock up weapons/guns and medication that could be in the home
Help them talk to someone / Don’t ignore signs or keep it a secret
Parents should talk to school if they suspect bullying and should monitor social media
Call 911 if you feel they are in danger
They can also call a free suicide hotline, such as TALK (8255).

23. Treatment Psychotherapy – Dialogue between patient and psychiatrist.
Behavior Therapy – Changing unwanted behaviors
Psychoanalysis – An analysis of patient’s past.
Medical Psychotherapy – Use combination of meds. And therapy.

24. Neurologist- Is a specialist that deals with Organic Disorders of the brain and nervous system.
Can prescribe meds and may perform surgery if necessary
Psychiatrist- Can diagnose, treat disorders and prescribe medication.

25. Clinical Psychologist
Diagnoses and treats emotional and behavioral disorders.
Cannot prescribe medication
Practices basic counseling, therapy, and can test for certain mental disorders

26. Counselors School, Pastoral, Addiction
Usually help young people in personal or educational matters
Have a Master’s degree

27. Psychiatric Social Worker
Usually works in mental hospitals or mental health clinics.
May work for a family service agency that aids clients who have emotional problems.
Usually have a Master’s degree

28. STRESS Symptoms of Stress:
Distress – Negative stress caused by a stressor
Examples?
Eustress – Positive stress or “butterflies”
Headaches
Asthma
High Blood Pressure
Weak Immune System
Gastrointestinal Issues

29. Strategies: How do we Manage it? *Plan Ahead Get enough sleep
Eat healthier
Move your booty!
Talk it out
Keep a journal
Hobbies
Meditation / Yoga

30. Resiliency

31. Equanimity mental calmness, composure, and evenness of temper,
[ˌekwəˈnimədē]
NOUN
mental calmness, composure,
and evenness of temper,
especially in a difficult situation:
"she accepted both the good and the bad with equanimity“
synonyms: composure · calm · level-headedness ·
self-possession · coolheadedness · presence of mind · serenity · tranquility ·