1. Models of Ethical Decision Making
PSYCH/660

2. Model 1
Make the decision
Enumerate the consequences of making each decision
Generate alternate decision
Evaluate the rights, responsibilities, and vulnerability of all affected parties
Consult with a trusted colleague
Pause to consider as best as possible all factors that might influence the decision
Consult guidelines already available that might apply as a possible mechanism for resolution
Determine whether the matter truly involves ethics
Ethical Decision Making According to Koocher & Keith-Spiegel (2008).

3. Model 2 Ethical Decision Making According to Fisher (2005). Assess
Identity the problem and use Ethic Code to identify specific issues
Identify and clarify the relevant clinical components
Consider legal requirements, contractual obligations or agency considerations
Evaluate the rights, vulnerabilities and responsibilities of all parties
Obtain consultation as appropriate
Discuss the issues collaboratively
Plan
Generate a list of possible decision/solutions
Eliminate any options that are clearly unethical, illegal or clinical inappropriate
Enumerate, consider and weight consequences
Implement
Make a decisions
Carry out the decision
Evaluate
Document your decision-making process and actions
Monitor and modify plan as appropriate.
Ethical Decision Making According to Fisher (2005).

4. Model 3 Ethical Decision Making According to Fisher (2013).
Modify and continue to evaluate the ethical plan if necessary
Monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the course of action
Select and implement an ethical course of action
Apply steps 1 through 4 to generate ethical alternatives and evaluate each
Make an effort to understand the perspective of different stakeholders
Gather additional facts relevant to the specific ethical situation
Acquire sufficient familiarity with the APA Ethics Code General Principles and Ethical Standards
Develop and sustain a professional commitment to doing the right thing
Ethical Decision Making According to Fisher (2013).