1. The American Colonies and Their Government
Chapter 2 – Section One

2. Bell Ringer August 19, 2019
The Story Matters –Read Page 37- Write Questions and answer in your own words.
Why was it risky for Colonial leaders to defy Great Britain?
What English ideas of Gov’t did American Colonists look to?
It was considered treason – punishable by death
English traditions of law & limited gov’t

3. Foundations of Democracy
Athens, Greece:
World’s First Democracy 400 BC (Direct Democracy)
Rome:
Republic – Representative Democracy 509 BC

4. Early English Influences
After the Fall of Rome AD 476, Kings & Lords ruled Europe for the next 700 years
Magna Carta AD 1215: English document that limited the power of the King.
English Nobles force King John to sign
Limited King’s power.
Equal treatment under the law
Limited Government
Parliament formed in 1300s

5. English Bill of Rights
English Bill of Rights 1689: rights set down by Parliament for the people
Rights of ALL English citizens
Parliament more powerful than King

6. The Enlightenment
The Enlightenment: Cultural movement of new ideas about gov’t
Hobbs: Social Contract - People agreed to be ruled for protection
John Locke: Natural Rights – Life, Liberty, Property
Rousseau: Social Contract, People decide form of gov’t
Montesquieu: 3 Branches of gov’t
Voltaire: Freedom of Speech

7. America English settlers brought these beliefs to America
Mayflower Compact – Direct Democracy (Town Meeting)

8. Essential Question
What beliefs about Government did early English Colonists bring to America?
Direct Democracy
Social Contract
Natural Rights – Life, Liberty, Property
Freedom of Speech
Checks & Balances of Gov’t

9. Page 45 – Enlightenment Thinkers
What rights do people have according to these thinkers?
What kind of relationship did they believe people should have with their government?
Life, liberty, property, free speech, control of gov’t
Gov’t gets its power from the people. It should protect the people’s rights.

10. Bell Ringer August 20, 2019 Page 58 Taxing the Colonies Timeline
Which acts listed on the charts were not designed to raise taxes?
How were the Coercive Acts different from the other acts that Parliament had passed?
Neither The Declaratory Acts nor the Coercive Acts raised Taxes
The Coercive Acts were intended to punish the colonies

11. Disagreements with Great Britain Chapter 2 Section 3

12. Social & Political Changes
Great Awakening: Christian movement urging people to build a direct relationship with God. Questioned religious authority.
Enlightenment: Questioned political authority

13. War leads to Debt & Taxes !!
French & Indian War: 1750s
British & Americans against French & Indians
Britain & Colonists won
England deep in Debt
Colonists were taxed by England
Colonists boycotted – Boston Tea Party (1773)
England was violating English Bill of Rights

14. Steps Toward Independence
1st Continental Congress
September 1774: Delegates from 12 colonies met in Philadelphia & decided to send a letter to King George. Banned trade with England. The king got tougher.
2nd Continental Congress:
April 1775: British troops & Colonials fought at Lexington & Concord.
May 1775: Delegates meet. Independence is “In the air” . Thomas Paine’s Common Sense was being read.

15. Common Sense by Thomas Paine
Primary Source;
“ The cause of America is in a great measure the cause of all mankind…We have it in our power to begin the world over again”.
What did Thomas Paine mean?
Humans everywhere have the right to be free, to direct their own lives, and not be abused by Kings and Governments. The American Revolution will affect the world by showing everyone that the people have the power to direct their own affairs.

16. Essential Question
How were the ideas of colonists affected by events in the American colonies?
Great Awakening
Enlightenment Thinking
Taxes Imposed upon them
Boston Tea Party
Protests & Boycotts

17. Bell Ringer August 21,2019
“We must indeed all hang together, or most assuredly, we shall all hang separately”
-Benjamin Franklin
They must pull together for independence and win, or they would all hang for treason

18. The Declaration of Independence
List the Four parts of the Declaration of Independence and explain what each part declares.
The Preamble: Explains why the Continental Congress drew up the Declaration
Declaration of Natural Rights: lists the rights of citizens. Explains that people form governments to protect their rights
List of Grievances: Colonists’ complaints against the British gov’t, especially King George III
Resolution of Independence: declares that the colonies are “free and independent states” with the power to make war, form alliances, and to trade with other countries.

19. Answer the Questions about the Declaration of Independence
According to the Preamble, why did our Founding Fathers write the Declaration?
What does unalienable mean?
What does endowed mean?
Why are governments instituted (created) among men?
From whom should gov’t get its power?
What should people do if their government takes away their rights?
What has history shown that people would rather do other than create a new government?

20. Essential Question
Why do People create, structure, and change government?
People Create government to secure the rights of people. In order to maintain the government, a structure such as our Constitution, must be written and upheld. When government becomes destructive of people’s rights, the people must change the government.

21. Bell Ringer August 23, 2018
Page Answer questions: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Just Answer with ABCD, Do not write questions.

22. Review Chapter 2
What kind of government did the Pilgrims set up by the Mayflower Compact?
Direct Democracy
A Social Contract where the people offer to honor & serve a king who promises protection & rights to the people was first recommended by
Thomas Hobbs
What did the Magna Carta do to all the Monarchs who ruled England after King John?
Limited Monarch’s power
The world’s first pure democracy was established in what city-state?
Athens

23. Who makes decisions on issues and laws in a Republic?
 Representatives
What branch of government makes the laws in our country & each state?
 Legislative
The Magna Carta was the first document in England to do what?
 Limit the power of the King
The first legislative assembly in the American colonies was
Jamestown – House of Burgesses 1619

24. Who prevented the American settlers from settling on new land won from France after the French and Indian War?
King George III
The Stamp Act, the first tax on the colonies, resulted in the Americans doing what?
Boycott English goods
American colonists having to provide their homes for sleeping places for British soldiers
Quartering Act
What did the delegates at the FIRST Continental Congress decide to do?
Write King George III a letter asking him to respect their rights

25. What American document was greatly inspired by the Enlightenment writers?
Declaration of Independence
The List of Grievances is the part of the Declaration of Independence accusing who?
King George III
The Declaration of Independence was inspired by which Enlightenment writer in particular?
John Locke
John Locke was the first to say that if the people have a bad gov’t –they have a right to do what?
Alter or Abolish it

26. What did the SECOND Continental Congress decide to do?
Declare Independence from Great Britain
What is smuggling?
Illegally moving goods in or out of a country
What is a boycott?
To refuse to purchase certain goods or services 
What is a Social Contract?
An agreement among people in a society with their government