1. Grayscale ultrasonographic images of hydronephrosis due to obstructing stones.
Grayscale ultrasonographic images of hydronephrosis due to obstructing stones. Grayscale longitudinal ultrasonographic image of the right kidney demonstrates hydronephrosis (A) with a dilated ureter (B) (red arrow) due to an 8-mm hyperechoic, obstructing stone (yellow arrow) in the proximal ureter in a 26-year-old woman with right flank pain. (C) Grayscale longitudinal ultrasonographic image of the left kidney demonstrates hydronephrosis containing complex fluid due to a large, echogenic, staghorn calculus (blue arrows) in the renal pelvis causing pyonephrosis in a 60-year-old man who presented with sepsis; (D) color Doppler ultrasonogram does not demonstrate flow, confirming that it is a dilated collecting system containing urine and not blood vessels in the central renal sinus (urine and blood are both anechoic [black]; color Doppler imaging can be used to distinguish urine [no flow] from blood in vessels [flow is present]).
Sarah Faubel et al. CJASN 2014;9:
©2014 by American Society of Nephrology