1. Lecture 4. Human Factors : Psychological and Cognitive Issues (II)
고려대학교 그래픽스 연구실

2. Contents Presence and Reality Human Visual System
Human Auditory System
Other Perceptual systems
- Tactile
- Vestibular
- Kinesthetic
- Olfactory
- Gustatory

3. Human Visual System Outline of the Visual System Eye
3. Properties of Eye
4. Properties of Visual System
5. Spatial Perception

4. 1. Outline of the Visual System
Eye
Retina
Optic nerve
Lateral Geneculate Nucleus
Visual cortex

5. 2. Eye Cornea (각막) Iris (조리개) Pupil opening (동공) Lens (수정체) Retina
receptor
rod
cone

6. 3. Properties of Eye System
Accomodation and depth of field
Thresholding intensity
Spectral sensitivity
Dynamic range
Dark adaptation
Visual field
Visual acuity
Spectral response
Eye movements

7. n r s d
Nodal point
Visual Angle

8. Visual field of a normal human observer.

9. 4. Properties of Visual System
Feature detection
Edge detection
Corner detection
Motion
Short-term motion -- Detection
Long-term motion -- Matching
Color perception

10. 5. Spatial Perception Non-pictorial cues Mono-pictorial cues
Accomodation
Stereopsis
convergence
disparity
Motion parallax
Mono-pictorial cues
size consistency
perspective
arial perspective
luminance
shading
light and shadow
color
texture
occlusion

11. Fixated rod
Disparate rod
Left Eye
Right Eye
Foveas
Disperate
images of
far rod
Fixation point

12. Human Auditory System 1. Characteristics of Sound
2. Anatomy of Auditory System
outer, middle, and inner ears.
3. Psycho-acoustics: Auditory Perception
sensitivity, discriminability
loudness, pitch, timbre
4. Spatial Hearing

14. Sound localization Interaural time difference
Interaural intensity difference
Head/sound movements
Cues derived from the outer ear (especially pinna(귓바퀴)).
HRTF (Head related transfer function)

15. Other Perceptual Systems
1. Tactile
sense of touch, pain, cold, warmth.
2. Kinesthetic
movements and relative positions of body parts.
3. Vestibular
sense of acceleration, orientation, rotational motion.
4. Olfactory
sense of smell.
5. Gustatory
sense of taste.