1. P2 Lesson 1: Solids liquids and gases Todays lesson: State the distinguishing properties of solids, liquids and gases. Relate the properties of solids, liquids and gases to the forces and distances between the molecules and to the motion of the molecules. Describe qualitatively the molecular structure of solids, liquids and gases in terms of the arrangement, separation, and motion of the molecules. Show an understanding of Brownian motion (the random movement of particles in a suspension) as evidence for the kinetic molecular model of matter. Show an appreciation that massive particles may be moved by light, fast moving molecules. Describe and explain diffusion in terms of the movement of particles (atoms, molecules or ions). Describe and explain dependence of rate of diffusion on molecular mass. Homework: N/A Starter: watch the brainpop and complete the quiz https://www.brainpop.com/science/ matterandchemistry/statesofmatter/ Username: uwcsea Password: secret Big Questions: How are the motion and arrangement of particles related to temperature?

2. ●State the distinguishing properties of solids, liquids and gases. ●Relate the properties of solids, liquids and gases to the forces and distances between the molecules and to the motion of the molecules. ●Describe qualitatively the molecular structure of solids, liquids and gases in terms of the arrangement, separation, and motion of the molecules. Can you describe their arrangement? Can you describe the intermolecular bonds? Can you describe the kinetic energy of the particles? Discuss the questions in tables the questions below - write on the big white boards

3. ●State the distinguishing properties of solids, liquids and gases. ●Relate the properties of solids, liquids and gases to the forces and distances between the molecules and to the motion of the molecules. ●Describe qualitatively the molecular structure of solids, liquids and gases in terms of the arrangement, separation, and motion of the molecules.

4. ●State the distinguishing properties of solids, liquids and gases. ●Relate the properties of solids, liquids and gases to the forces and distances between the molecules and to the motion of the molecules. ●Describe qualitatively the molecular structure of solids, liquids and gases in terms of the arrangement, separation, and motion of the molecules. Complete the card sort once you have checked with me fill in the table on your notes

5. ●State the distinguishing properties of solids, liquids and gases. ●Relate the properties of solids, liquids and gases to the forces and distances between the molecules and to the motion of the molecules. ●Describe qualitatively the molecular structure of solids, liquids and gases in terms of the arrangement, separation, and motion of the molecules. Extra video - fuse school states of matter

6. SolidLiquidGas Arrangement of particles Closely packed Regular repeating pattern. Closely packed NOT regularly arranged. Far apart, random arrangement.. Motion of particles Vibrate around a fixed position.. Move around and slide past each other and also vibrate. Moving around at high speed randomly in all directions. Intermolecular forces Strong forces between molecules Weaker forces between molecules very tiny weak forces (which we can assume is 0) between molecules except when they collide Compressible or incompressible Incompressible Compressible Volume Fixed volume No fixed volume Shape Fixed shape, cannot flow No fixed shape, can flow No fixed shape they can flow ●State the distinguishing properties of solids, liquids and gases. ●Relate the properties of solids, liquids and gases to the forces and distances between the molecules and to the motion of the molecules. ●Describe qualitatively the molecular structure of solids, liquids and gases in terms of the arrangement, separation, and motion of the molecules.

7. 1. Why are solids incompressible, hard to squash? 2. Why can liquids flow? 3. Why do gases have very weak (almost zero) intermolecular forces between them? 4. How is the arrangement of particles different in a solid to a gas? ●State the distinguishing properties of solids, liquids and gases. ●Relate the properties of solids, liquids and gases to the forces and distances between the molecules and to the motion of the molecules. ●Describe qualitatively the molecular structure of solids, liquids and gases in terms of the arrangement, separation, and motion of the molecules.

8. 1. Why are solids incompressible, hard to squash? The particles are close together and have no space to move into. 2. Why can liquids flow? The particles are free to move around each other 3. Why do gases have very weak (almost zero) intermolecular forces between them? The particles are spread out and move around randomly very quickly. 4. How is the arrangement of particles different in a solid to a gas? the particles in a gas are spread out and move around randomly the particles in a solid have a regular repeating arrangement that are close together ●State the distinguishing properties of solids, liquids and gases. ●Relate the properties of solids, liquids and gases to the forces and distances between the molecules and to the motion of the molecules. ●Describe qualitatively the molecular structure of solids, liquids and gases in terms of the arrangement, separation, and motion of the molecules.

9. ●Show an understanding of Brownian motion (the random movement of particles in a suspension) as evidence for the kinetic molecular model of matter. ●Show an appreciation that massive particles may be moved by light, fast moving molecules. Particles in Fluids (liquids and gases) move randomly. This is called Brownian motion. This is named after Robert Brown, a Scottish botanist, who in 1827 observed pollen moving randomly when suspended in water. Why is this? This is because they are bombarded by the other moving particles in the fluid. Larger particles can be moved by light, fast- moving molecules. Brownian Motion Come and have a look at the demo at the front.

10. ●Show an understanding of Brownian motion (the random movement of particles in a suspension) as evidence for the kinetic molecular model of matter. ●Show an appreciation that massive particles may be moved by light, fast moving molecules.

11. ●Describe and explain diffusion in terms of the movement of particles (atoms, molecules or ions). ●Describe and explain dependence of rate of diffusion on molecular mass. Diffusion Diffusion occurs when particles spread. They move from a region where they are in high concentration to a region where they are in low concentration. Diffusion happens when the particles are free to move. This is true in gases and for particles dissolved in solutions. Come watch the demo at the front

12. ●Describe and explain diffusion in terms of the movement of particles (atoms, molecules or ions). ●Describe and explain dependence of rate of diffusion on molecular mass.

13. ●Describe and explain diffusion in terms of the movement of particles (atoms, molecules or ions). ●Describe and explain dependence of rate of diffusion on molecular mass. Diffusion and molecular mass What happens to the rate of diffusion as you increase the molecular mass? Why? ❏ Discuss with the person next to you ❏ Write down your answer on the wipe boards ❏ Underline your keywords in red ❏ Underline key science ideas in green ❏ Go and have a look at the other ideas in the class.

14. ●Describe and explain diffusion in terms of the movement of particles (atoms, molecules or ions). ●Describe and explain dependence of rate of diffusion on molecular mass. Diffusion and molecular mass http://lab.concord.org/embeddable.html#interactives/sam/diffusion/3-mass.json http://lab.concord.org/embeddable.html#interactives/sam/diffusion/3-mass.json check you were correct with the simulation

15. The lower the mass of the gas particles, the faster it will diffuse. Because the lighter particles will bounce further than the heavier ones after it collides with other particles. So we can say that the lower its relative molecular mass, the faster a gas will diffuse. ●Describe and explain diffusion in terms of the movement of particles (atoms, molecules or ions). ●Describe and explain dependence of rate of diffusion on molecular mass. Diffusion and molecular mass

16. https://quizlet.com/214747592/p2-lesson-1- states-of-matter-brownian-motion-and-diffusion- flash-cards/ ●Describe and explain diffusion in terms of the movement of particles (atoms, molecules or ions). ●Describe and explain dependence of rate of diffusion on molecular mass. Quizlet Live Echalk - venn diagram https://subscription.echalk.co.uk/Science/physics/states/Venn Diagram/statesVenn.html username : echalk@uwcsea.edu.sgechalk@uwcsea.edu.sg Password: echalk Log in first before clicking the link

17. P2 Lesson 2: temperature and thermometers Todays lesson: 25. Demonstrate understanding of sensitivity, range and linearity. 26. Recognise the need for and identify fixed points. 24. Describe how a physical property that varies with temperature may be used for the measurement of temperature, and state examples of such properties. 27. Describe and explain how the structure of a liquid-in-glass thermometer relates to its sensitivity, range and linearity. 28. Describe and explain the structure and action of liquid-in-glass thermometers. Homework: Starter: entrance ticket https://docs.google.com/a/gapps.uw csea.edu.sg/document/d/1q7_CB2t vp4vgu4sYHtyD9UEYpEiC_Pyfd7- BZLlm2tI/edit?usp=sharing Big Questions: How are the motion and arrangement of particles related to temperature?

18. ●Describe and explain diffusion in terms of the movement of particles (atoms, molecules or ions). ●Describe and explain dependence of rate of diffusion on molecular mass. Heat and temperature - misconceptions

19. Why is it important for a thermometer to have a scale? ●Describe how a physical property that varies with temperature may be used for the measurement of temperature, and state examples of such properties. ●Describe and explain how the structure of a liquid-in-glass thermometer relates to its sensitivity, range and linearity. ●Describe and explain the structure and action of liquid-in-glass thermometers Discuss and feedback your ideas

20. Watch this at home to find out more ●Describe how a physical property that varies with temperature may be used for the measurement of temperature, and state examples of such properties. ●Describe and explain how the structure of a liquid-in-glass thermometer relates to its sensitivity, range and linearity. ●Describe and explain the structure and action of liquid-in-glass thermometers

21. How did Celsius devise his scale? Extension video ●Describe how a physical property that varies with temperature may be used for the measurement of temperature, and state examples of such properties. ●Describe and explain how the structure of a liquid-in-glass thermometer relates to its sensitivity, range and linearity. ●Describe and explain the structure and action of liquid-in-glass thermometers

22. How do thermometers work ●Describe how a physical property that varies with temperature may be used for the measurement of temperature, and state examples of such properties Discuss in your pairs Try and explain using the idea of temperature, and kinetic theory

23. Make your own temperature scale practical ●Describe how a physical property that varies with temperature may be used for the measurement of temperature, and state examples of such properties Method 1.Place the thermometer in the ice - mark your thermometer 2.Place the thermometer in the boiling water - mark your thermometer (be careful of the hot water) 3.You are now ready to calibrate your thermometer. You have marked two fixed points onto the glass, and you know the temperatures of those two points. Can you get a working scale between - use the marker pen, grid paper/ruler to help you. 4.Use your thermometer to work out the temperature of the unknown water bath(s) As you are completing - answer the questions in the unit notes

24. 25. Demonstrate understanding of sensitivity, range and linearity. 26. Recognise the need for and identify fixed points. 27. Describe and explain how the structure of a liquid-in-glass thermometer relates to its sensitivity, range and linearity. 28. Describe and explain the structure and action of liquid-in-glass thermometers. Discussion of findings and answers to the notes Why do we use fixed points for temperature? Fixed points are used in calibrating thermometers. To calibrate a thermometer is to mark a thermometer so that you can use it to measure temperature accurately. What is the structure of the thermometer? The thermometer is made relatively small so that it is portable and cheap. The liquid is contained in a thin-walled glass reservoir. There is a narrow capillary tube is uniform. The round glass stem around the capillary tube is made thick. It acts as a magnifying glass. What is the purpose of the reservoir and capillary tube The reservoir is to contain the liquid The capillary tube is where the liquid thread travels up, it is where we read the scale

25. 25. Demonstrate understanding of sensitivity, range and linearity. 26. Recognise the need for and identify fixed points. 27. Describe and explain how the structure of a liquid-in-glass thermometer relates to its sensitivity, range and linearity. 28. Describe and explain the structure and action of liquid-in-glass thermometers. Discussion of findings and answers to the notes Explain how the thermometer works. The reservoir is made relatively larger than its capillary tube to contain more of the liquid, so as to improve sensitivity (big change of volume so the more it will travel up) The expansion of the liquid in the reservoir will cause a big change in the length of the liquid thread in the capillary tube as it is made narrow Why is it important for the diameter to stay the same all the way along? (think about what would happen if changed) If the diameter changed it would not be a linear scale

26. 25. Demonstrate understanding of sensitivity, range and linearity. 26. Recognise the need for and identify fixed points. 27. Describe and explain how the structure of a liquid-in-glass thermometer relates to its sensitivity, range and linearity. 28. Describe and explain the structure and action of liquid-in-glass thermometers. Feedback of findings and answers to the notes What would happen if the capillary tube was thinner? Was the scale linear? How would a graph look for length vs temperature?

27. 25. Demonstrate understanding of sensitivity, range and linearity. 26. Recognise the need for and identify fixed points. 27. Describe and explain how the structure of a liquid-in-glass thermometer relates to its sensitivity, range and linearity. 28. Describe and explain the structure and action of liquid-in-glass thermometers. Feedback of findings and answers to the notes What would happen if the capillary tube was thinner? The sensitivity would increase. As a Small expansion of the liquid in the reservoir will cause a big change in the length of the liquid thread in the capillary tube as it is made narrow. Was the scale linear? Yes How would a graph look for length vs temperature?

28. Fixed points, Range, Sensitivity & Linearity Fixed Points A thermometer must be calibrated (two fixed points put on it). Lower fixed point & Upper fixed point Range The difference between the maximum & minimum Sensitivity The smalls change you can measure Linearity The change in temperature produces the same change in length 25. Demonstrate understanding of sensitivity, range and linearity. 26. Recognise the need for and identify fixed points. 27. Describe and explain how the structure of a liquid-in-glass thermometer relates to its sensitivity, range and linearity. 28. Describe and explain the structure and action of liquid-in-glass thermometers.

29. Exit ticket https://docs.google.com/a/gapps.uwcsea.edu.sg/document/d/101Xdcga9Q7cldIO7YStNDlAPQgV3cS_EGXgz4b2UW0k/edit?usp=sharing 25. Demonstrate understanding of sensitivity, range and linearity. 26. Recognise the need for and identify fixed points. 27. Describe and explain how the structure of a liquid-in-glass thermometer relates to its sensitivity, range and linearity. 28. Describe and explain the structure and action of liquid-in-glass thermometers.

30. ●Describe and explain diffusion in terms of the movement of particles (atoms, molecules or ions). ●Describe and explain dependence of rate of diffusion on molecular mass. Useful resources http://www.igcsephysics.com/cambridge/sample/thermal_physics/p age98.html https://www.miniphysics.com/thermometry.html http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/standard/physics/health_physics/use _of_thermometers/revision/1/

31. P2 Lesson 3: thermal expansion Todays lesson: 21. Describe qualitatively the thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases at constant pressure. 22. Explain in terms of motion and arrangement of molecules, the relative order of magnitude of the expansion of solids, liquids and gases. 23. Identify and explain some of the everyday applications and consequences of thermal expansion. Homework: Starter: Watch the video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j JeiYaSFCf0 Explain what is happening Big Questions: How are the motion and arrangement of particles related to temperature?

32. ●Describe and explain diffusion in terms of the movement of particles (atoms, molecules or ions). ●Describe and explain dependence of rate of diffusion on molecular mass.

33. How can we model this? What happens when you heat a solid to the size of it? Why does this happen? Thermal expansion of solids liquids and gases ●21. Describe qualitatively the thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases at constant pressure. ●22. Explain in terms of motion and arrangement of molecules, the relative order of magnitude of the expansion of solids, liquids and gases.

34. Thermal expansion of gases ●21. Describe qualitatively the thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases at constant pressure. ●22. Explain in terms of motion and arrangement of molecules, the relative order of magnitude of the expansion of solids, liquids and gases.

35. Describe qualitatively the thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases. Around the room are some 3 experiments on thermal expansion: Conduct the experiments and fill out the notes in your unit booklet Demo of bar breaking appartaus ●21. Describe qualitatively the thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases at constant pressure. ●22. Explain in terms of motion and arrangement of molecules, the relative order of magnitude of the expansion of solids, liquids and gases. Feedback on experiment

36. Solids liquids and gases and thermal expansion When a solid is heated, its atoms vibrate faster about their fixed points. The relative increase in the size of solids when heated is therefore small. Metal railway tracks have small gaps so that when the sun heats them, the tracks expand into these gaps and don’t buckle. ●21. Describe qualitatively the thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases at constant pressure. ●22. Explain in terms of motion and arrangement of molecules, the relative order of magnitude of the expansion of solids, liquids and gases.

37. Solids liquids and gases and thermal expansion Liquids expand for the same reason, but because the bonds between separate molecules are usually less tight they expand more than solids. This is the principle behind liquid-in-glass thermometers. An increase in temperature results in the expansion of the liquid which means it rises up the glass. ●21. Describe qualitatively the thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases at constant pressure. ●22. Explain in terms of motion and arrangement of molecules, the relative order of magnitude of the expansion of solids, liquids and gases.

38. Solids liquids and gases and thermal expansion Molecules within gases are further apart and weakly attracted to each other. Heat causes the molecules to move faster, (heat energy is converted to kinetic energy) which means that the volume of a gas increases more than the volume of a solid or liquid. ●21. Describe qualitatively the thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases at constant pressure. ●22. Explain in terms of motion and arrangement of molecules, the relative order of magnitude of the expansion of solids, liquids and gases.

39. Solids liquids and gases and thermal expansion ●21. Describe qualitatively the thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases at constant pressure. ●22. Explain in terms of motion and arrangement of molecules, the relative order of magnitude of the expansion of solids, liquids and gases.

40. ●21. Describe qualitatively the thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases at constant pressure. ●22. Explain in terms of motion and arrangement of molecules, the relative order of magnitude of the expansion of solids, liquids and gases.

41. Applications and consequences of thermal expansion We can use thermal expansion for different things such as: thermometers Getting the lid off a jar. Bimetallic strip in a fire alarm research how thermal expansion helps these and fill in the boxes on page 15 ●21. Describe qualitatively the thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases at constant pressure. ●22. Explain in terms of motion and arrangement of molecules, the relative order of magnitude of the expansion of solids, liquids and gases. Railway track in Sri Lanka

42. Table race ●23. Identify and explain some of the everyday applications and consequences of thermal expansion. 1.Draw a diagram of the particle model of a liquid 1.What happens when we narrow the capillary tube of a thermometer 1.Describe the motion of particle in a solid 1.Describe the forces of attraction in a gas 1.Why is the capillary tube the same diameter all the way up the thermometer 1.What has the greatest thermal expansion solids liquids or gases

43. P2 Lesson 4: change of state Today’s lesson: 26. Recognise the need for and identify fixed points. 1.Describe the changes of state in terms of melting, boiling, evaporation, freezing and condensation. 2. Explain the changes of state in terms of particle theory and the energy changes involved. Describe condensation and solidification. Homework: Finish video/stop motion on solids liquids and gases Starter: Write out what you know about solids liquids and gases on white boards Big Questions: How are the motion and arrangement of particles related to temperature?

44. ●26. Recognise the need for and identify fixed points. ●1.Describe the changes of state in terms of melting, boiling, evaporation, freezing and condensation. ●2. Explain the changes of state in terms of particle theory and the energy changes involved. ●Describe condensation and solidification.

45. Phase change ●1.Describe the changes of state in terms of melting, boiling, evaporation, freezing and condensation. ●2. Explain the changes of state in terms of particle theory and the energy changes involved. ●Describe condensation and solidification. We can change between the different states of matter by heating and cooling substances. This changes the closeness, arrangement and motion of the particles in a substance. Materials are a store of internal energy, Internal energy is due to the motion of particles and the chemical bonds between them.

46. Discussion Phase change ●1.Describe the changes of state in terms of melting, boiling, evaporation, freezing and condensation. ●2. Explain the changes of state in terms of particle theory and the energy changes involved. ●Describe condensation and solidification. In your tables discuss and annotate the big wipe boards about what happens when you change state - use the table below as guidance NameChange of stateExplain the changes using kinetic theory Freezing Condensation Boiling Melting

47. ●1.Describe the changes of state in terms of melting, boiling, evaporation, freezing and condensation. ●2. Explain the changes of state in terms of particle theory and the energy changes involved. ●Describe condensation and solidification. Why does the temperature not increase during phase change? Why is more energy required/released during a liquid/gas transition?

48. ●1.Describe the changes of state in terms of melting, boiling, evaporation, freezing and condensation. ●2. Explain the changes of state in terms of particle theory and the energy changes involved. ●Describe condensation and solidification. Extension video

49. solidification ●1.Describe the changes of state in terms of melting, boiling, evaporation, freezing and condensation. ●2. Explain the changes of state in terms of particle theory and the energy changes involved. ●Describe condensation and solidification. With solidification they could be liquid to solid which is freezing Or gas to a solid which is known as deposition (sometimes referred to as sublimation on some websites - although this is incorrect)

50. deposition ●1.Describe the changes of state in terms of melting, boiling, evaporation, freezing and condensation. ●2. Explain the changes of state in terms of particle theory and the energy changes involved. ●Describe condensation and solidification.

51. Summarise what you have learnt ●1.Describe the changes of state in terms of melting, boiling, evaporation, freezing and condensation. ●2. Explain the changes of state in terms of particle theory and the energy changes involved. ●Describe condensation and solidification. Explain phase change and heating and cooling curves using one of the following methods or one of your own 1.Make a video or stop motion 2.Post it too teamie 3.Finish for homework

52. Final check ●1.Describe the changes of state in terms of melting, boiling, evaporation, freezing and condensation. ●2. Explain the changes of state in terms of particle theory and the energy changes involved. ●Describe condensation and solidification. brain pop states of matter username: uwcsea password: secret brain pop state change

53. P2 Lesson 5: Boiling and evaporation Todays lesson: 15. Distinguish between boiling and evaporation. 17 Explain evaporation in terms of the escape of more-energetic molecules for the surface of a liquid. 18. Relate evaporation to the consequent cooling of the liquid. 19. Demonstrate an understanding of how temperature, surface area and draught over a surface influence evaporation. Homework: Starter: Entrance ticket: P6 questions on cooling curves https://drive.google.com/open?id=1 94SoiSx8IgTju3Cb6IflfG0jAOOMf9_ bHm26PUGxeSM https://drive.google.com/open?id=1 94SoiSx8IgTju3Cb6IflfG0jAOOMf9_ bHm26PUGxeSM Big Questions: How are the motion and arrangement of particles related to temperature?

54. What is the difference between boiling and evaporation? In your tables you have 5 minutes to try and come up with some ideas. Write your answers on the tables Examples Key words Key ideas Similarities? Differences? Diagrams? ●5. Distinguish between boiling and evaporation. ●17 Explain evaporation in terms of the escape of more-energetic molecules for the surface of a liquid.

55. Describe evaporation in terms of the escape of more energetic molecules from the surface of a liquid. ●5. Distinguish between boiling and evaporation. ●17 Explain evaporation in terms of the escape of more-energetic molecules for the surface of a liquid.

56. Describe evaporation in terms of the escape of more energetic molecules from the surface of a liquid. ●5. Distinguish between boiling and evaporation. ●17 Explain evaporation in terms of the escape of more-energetic molecules for the surface of a liquid.

57. ●5. Distinguish between boiling and evaporation. ●17 Explain evaporation in terms of the escape of more-energetic molecules for the surface of a liquid.

58. What happens to temperature of the substance during evaporation? A bottle of alcohol and a bottle of water have been left in the lab for some time. They should be at the same temperature as the air in the room. Use some cotton wool to spread some alcohol on your arm. How does it feel? Why does it feel like this? Can you explain using particles? ●18. Relate evaporation to the consequent cooling of the liquid.

59. What happens to temperature of the substance during evaporation? Some of the particles have enough energy to escape from the liquid and become a gas. The remaining particles in the liquid have a lower average kinetic energy than before, so the liquid cools down as evaporation happens. This is why sweating cools you down. The sweat absorbs energy from your skin so that it can continue to evaporate. ●18. Relate evaporation to the consequent cooling of the liquid.

60. How do they affect it? There are different things which affect the rate of evaporation: Surface area Air flow (wind over the object) Temperature Why do they affect it? In your tables Discuss the following questions 3 minutes ●19. Demonstrate an understanding of how temperature, surface area and draught over a surface influence evaporation.

61. Increasing the temperature means that more molecules are moving fast enough to escape Increasing the air flow over the surface so that molecules are carried away before they can fall back into the liquid Increasing the surface area means that more molecules are at the surface. What about humidity? ●19. Demonstrate an understanding of how temperature, surface area and draught over a surface influence evaporation.

62. ConditionHow achieved warmwarm slide with hands (or in warm water) coolroom temperature spread out dropspread the drop of ethanol with the pipette un spreadleave drop as it is air flowfan with a book ConditionEvaporation time (s) Unspread Spread Cool Warm No air flow Air flow There are different things which affect the rate of evaporation: ●Surface area ●Air flow (wind over the object) ●Temperature Put a drop of propanone onto a microscope slide change one of the conditions and see what happens: Put a microscope slide in one of these conditions shown in the table below, add a drop of ethanol and time how long it takes to evaporate. record your results below ●19. Demonstrate an understanding of how temperature, surface area and draught over a surface influence evaporation. Factors that affect evaporation?

63. ●Collect the class data, ●What were the trends? ●What can you conclude? ●Write up your conclusion in the unit notes. ●19. Demonstrate an understanding of how temperature, surface area and draught over a surface influence evaporation. Feedback on the experiment

64. P2 Lesson 6/7: Gas Pressure Todays lesson: 8. Describe qualitatively the pressure of a gas and the temperature of a gas, liquid or solid in terms of the motion of the particles. 9. Describe qualitatively the pressure of a gas in terms of the motion of its molecules and their colliding with the walls creating a forces. 20 Describe qualitatively, in terms of molecules, the effect on the pressure of a gas of: ー a change of temperature at constant volume ー a change of volume at constant temperature. Homework: Starter: Pictionary: grab a wipe board On your tables take it in turn being the “artist” Draw something related to concept we have learnt in this unit. Your partners need to guess it. Be creative: not just solids liquids and gases Big Question: How can we explain the relationships between temperature, volume and pressure using particle theory?

65. What are gases Quick check What is the motion of a gas? ●8. Describe qualitatively the pressure of a gas and the temperature of a gas, liquid or solid in terms of the motion of the particles.

66. What are gases Gases move randomly and at high speeds (lots of kinetic energy ●19. Demonstrate an understanding of how temperature, surface area and draught over a surface influence evaporation. ●8. Describe qualitatively the pressure of a gas and the temperature of a gas, liquid or solid in terms of the motion of the particles.

67. Pressure Blow up the balloon think about the particles inside, what is stopping the balloon from collapsing or expanding out? What is pressure? What is happening in terms of the particles? Do all the collisions matter? ●9. Describe qualitatively the pressure of a gas in terms of the motion of its molecules and their colliding with the walls creating a forces.

68. PRESSURE Gas pressure is caused by molecules hitting the sides of their container. There are equal numbers of molecules moving in all directions, so pressure is the same in all directions. When the molecules hit the sides of the container, they rebound and cause a force. Defining pressure ●19. Demonstrate an understanding of how temperature, surface area and draught over a surface influence evaporation. ●9. Describe qualitatively the pressure of a gas in terms of the motion of its molecules and their colliding with the walls creating a forces.

69. marshmallow man Describe qualitatively the pressure of a gas in terms of the motion of its molecules. What if there was no gas pressure? Before the demo: Imagine you went into space without a spacesuit. What would happen? What will happen when we take the air out of the bell jar to the marshmallows Share your ideas with your partner - write them on a wipeboard ●9. Describe qualitatively the pressure of a gas in terms of the motion of its molecules and their colliding with the walls creating a forces.

71. Describe qualitatively the effect of a change of temperature on the pressure of a gas at constant volume What affects pressure Split into 3 groups Spread yourselves around the classroom, you are each a gas particle. What is going to increase the pressure? Model this in groups and show me - Hint there is more than 1 way! ●9. Describe qualitatively the pressure of a gas in terms of the motion of its molecules and their colliding with the walls creating a forces.

72. 20 Describe qualitatively, in terms of molecules, the effect on the pressure of a gas of: a change of temperature at constant volume - a change of volume at constant temperature. What affects pressure AffectHow does it affect gas pressure (explain) Increasing temperature Increasing the volume 1.Fill in your notes in the yellow unit booklet 2.Complete the quick questions 3.Try the past paper question (the last part is an extension you do not need to know this equation)

73. What affects pressure? Volume: The smaller the volume the more chance of collisions with the side Temperature: The higher the temp the more KE each particle has, so more chance of collisions with the sides of the container Number of particles: (not stated on syllabus) The more particles there are the more chance of collision there is 20 Describe qualitatively, in terms of molecules, the effect on the pressure of a gas of: a change of temperature at constant volume - a change of volume at constant temperature.

74. http://www.physics-chemistry-interactive-flash- animation.com/matter_change_state_measurement_mass_volume/pressure_volume_boyle_mariotte_law_ideal _gas_closed_system_MCQ.htm 20 Describe qualitatively, in terms of molecules, the effect on the pressure of a gas of: a change of temperature at constant volume - a change of volume at constant temperature. Have a go at the simulation - describe what is happening to the pressure when we change the volume

75. Relate the change in volume of a gas to change in pressure applied to the gas at constant temperature and use the equation pV = constant at constant temperature Graphing the relationship between pressure and volume at a constant temperature In this experiment you are going to investigate what happens to the pressure of a gas when its volume is changed Fill in the table in your booklet as shown below Pressure ( )Volume ( )1/volume 20 Describe qualitatively, in terms of molecules, the effect on the pressure of a gas of: a change of temperature at constant volume - a change of volume at constant temperature. How do we keep temperature constant How many readings What are the units

76. Graph of pressure and volume 20 Describe qualitatively, in terms of molecules, the effect on the pressure of a gas of: a change of temperature at constant volume - a change of volume at constant temperature. How do we draw perfect graphs What does inversely proportional mean You are going to draw two graphs ●Pressure vs volume ●Pressure vs 1/volume Describe the two shapes you see What does this tell you about the relationship between pressure and volume Can you describe qualitatively in terms of molecules ❏ Label axis with units ❏ Scale to fit most of page (at least ⅔ of the page) ❏ Scale labelled with equal increments ❏ Use small crosses for the points (check each ❏ Draw a smooth line or curve of best fit - do this in pencil

77. P2 Lesson 8: revision Todays lesson: Review concepts of p2 topic Practice questions on p2 Homework: Starter: Big Questions: How are the motion and arrangement of particles related to temperature?

78. Resources for unit ● Quiz Quiz trade Quiz Quiz trade ● Summary sheet Summary sheet ● Quizlet Quizlet ● Kahoot Kahoot ● Padlet Padlet ● Entrance ticket - solid states Entrance ticket - solid states ● Revision questions & answers Revision questionsanswers ● Extra revision questions & answers Extra revision questions answers