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The Planets.

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Presentation on theme: "The Planets."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Planets

2 Definition of a Planet IAU definition:
1) orbiting a star or stellar remnant 2) enough mass to be rounded by gravity 3) no fusion reaction at core 4) cleared its own orbit of planetessimals

3 Eight Planets The solar system has eight planets

4 Terrestrial Planets

5 Mercury

6 Mercury Orbital radius: 0.38 AU Orbital period: 0.24 a Composition:
large iron core, rocky mantle Atmospheric composition: thin and unstable (low gravity) Mean surface temperature: 340 K

7 Mercury Mass: 0.06 Earths Satellites: None
Unique features: Fastest orbital period, strong magnetic field

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10 Venus

11 Venus Orbital radius: 0.72 AU Orbital period: 0.62 a Composition:
unknown, but similar to Earth Atmospheric composition: thick, CO2 and N (93 times thicker than ours) Mean surface temperature: 735 K

12 Venus Mass: 0.815 Earths Satellites: None Unique features:
heavy volcanism, low magnetic field

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14 Earth

15 Earth Orbital radius: 1 AU Orbital period: 1 a Composition:
core, mantle, crust Atmospheric composition: just right Mean surface temperature:

16 Earth Mass: 1 Earth Satellites: Luna Unique features: I live there

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18 Mars

19 Mars Orbital radius: 1.5 AU Orbital period: 1.9 a Composition:
Iron core, silicate mantle, crust Atmospheric composition: Thin, CO2 and other gasses Mean surface temperature: 227 K

20 Mars Satellites: Deimos and Phobos
Unique features: Once had a magnetosphere, red colour caused by iron core, hematite and geological structures suggest there was once liquid water

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34 Jupiter

35 Jovian Planets

36 Jupiter Orbital radius: 5.2 AU Orbital period: 11.9 a Composition:
small rocky core surrounded by liquid metallic H Atmospheric composition: hydrogen and helium Mean temperature at 1 bar: 165 K

37 Jupiter Mass: 318 Earths Satellites: 63
Unique features: Largest planet, great red spot, has a ring structure

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42 Jovian Satellites 63 moons, including the Galilean moons:
Io  most volcanically active body Ganymede  largest moon; magnetic field Europa  covered with ice; possible water Callisto  heavily cratered; small atmosphere

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44 Io

45 Europa

46 Ganymede

47 Callisto

48 Saturn

49 Saturn Orbital radius: 9.5 AU Orbital period: 30 a Composition:
Small rocky core surrounded by liquid H Atmospheric composition: Hydrogen and helium Mean temperature at 1 bar: 134 K

50 Saturn Mass: 95 Earths Satellites: 60
Unique features: Pronounced ring system, less dense than water

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52 Hexagonal polar cloud (Voyager)

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59 Saturn’s Satellites 60 satellites including:
Titan  dense atmosphere, evidence of liquid water

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62 Titan

63 Uranus

64 Uranus Orbital radius: 19 AU Orbital period: 84 a Composition:
icy core Atmospheric composition: hydrogen and helium Mean temperature at 1 bar: 53 K

65 Uranus Satellites: 27 Unique features: Largest axial tilt (almost on the side … continuous day or night),

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69 Uranian Satellites 27 including: Miranda  water ice surface

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71 Miranda

72 Neptune

73 Neptune Orbital radius: 30 AU Orbital period: 165 a Composition:
Icy core Atmospheric composition: hydrogen and helium; trace methane Mean surface temperature: 72 K

74 Neptune Mass: 17 Earths Satellites: 13
Unique features: last planet, blue colour from methane

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78 Neptunian Satellites 13 including:
Triton  retrograde synchronous orbit

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80 Pluto

81 Pluto

82 HD B

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