1. Literary Elements: Character PLOT
Ninth Grade Literature

2. Characterization: The act of creating and developing a character
Direct Characterization
Indirect Characterization
Author directly states a character’s traits
“She was one of those pretty, charming young women…”
Author provides clues about a character by describing what the character looks like, does, and says as well as how others react to him or her
Acting or speaking

3. Character Division Protagonist Antagonist
1. The main character
2.The character with which the reader becomes emotionally involved.
1. The character, force or character flaw in conflict with the main character, protagonist

4. Kinds of Characters Round Character Flat Character
A complex, three- dimensional character
Show many different qualities including faults and virtues
A one-dimensional character
Showing a single trait

5. Character Change? Dynamic Character Static Character
A character who develops, changes, and learns something during the course of the story
This is not a mental rather than a physical transformation
A character who stays the same during the course of the story

6. Let’s Think About It Protagonist: Are they usually round or flat?
Round- the main characters development is usually central to a story’s plot of theme
Protagonist: Are they usually dynamic or static?
Dynamic- the main characters growth is usually central to a story’s plot of theme

7. Now it’s your turn! Choose a partner. Choose a movie or book.
Identify the protagonist and antagonist.
Are they dynamic or static? Why?
Are they flat or round? Why?

8. CONFLICT
A conflict is a struggle between opposing forces. There are two types of conflict:
External and Internal
External: The main character struggles with an external force be it man or nature(Man vs. Nature and Man vs. Society)
Internal: A character is in conflict with him/herself. (Man vs. Self)

9. Plot (definition)
Plot is the organized pattern or sequence of events that make up a story. Every plot is made up of a series of incidents that are related to one another.

10. 1. Exposition
This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the story. Most importantly, we are introduced to the main conflict (main problem).

11. 2. Rising Action
This part of the story begins to develop the conflict(s). A building of interest or suspense occurs.

12. 3. Climax
This is the turning point of the story. Usually the main character comes face to face with a conflict. The main character will change in some way.

13. 4. Falling Action
All loose ends of the plot are tied up. The conflict(s) and climax are taken care of.

14. 5. Resolution
The story comes to a reasonable ending.

15. Putting It All Together
1. Exposition
2. Rising Action
3. Climax
4. Falling Action
5. Resolution
Beginning of Story
Middle of Story
End of Story

16. Foreshadow
The use of hints that give the reader a clue about something that is going to happen
It does not reveal the ending or spoiling the suspense. 

17. Flashback It is interruptions that writers do to insert past events.
It provides background or context to the current events of a narrative.