2. Perceived Financial Difficulties and Adolescents’ Well-being: The Role of Parental Monitoring Ines Rezo, Marina Ajduković, Marijana Kletečki Radović Social Work Study Center, Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb Ovaj je rad financirala Hrvatska zaklada za znanost projektom IP Ekonomske teškoće obitelji, psihosocijalni problemi i obrazovni ishodi adolescenata u vrijeme ekonomske krize (FEHAP).

3. Introduction
The results of numerous studies confirm Family Stress Model:
economic hardship indirectly affects children’s well- being through its impact on parenting behavior (Conger i Elder, 1994; Conger, Conger i Martin, 2010)
Parental monitoring - one of the most important family-related factors that protects against psychological and social risk (Brookmeyer, Henrich i Schwab-Stone, 2005).
9th International Conference of the Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Zagreb, MAY, ZAGREB

4. Adolescents’ perspective
Introduction
Adolescents’ perspective
on family economic hardship, parental monitoring and their well-being?
9th International Conference of the Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Zagreb, MAY, ZAGREB

5. Aim
Explore the role of the family economic hardship and parental monitoring in predicting adolescents’ subjective well-being.
we investigate how exposure to economic hardship (a risk factor), parental monitoring (a protective factor), and their interactions influence well-being in adolescents.
9th International Conference of the Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Zagreb, MAY, ZAGREB

6. Participants Two-stage stratified cluster sample
975 students 1st grade of secondary school
Age: 14 – (M = 15,1; SD = 0,495)
48,9% female
9th International Conference of the Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Zagreb, MAY, ZAGREB

7. Measurements
Gender Secondary school program Urban/rural area Relative assessment of financial and housing family status
Individual characteristics of adolescents
6 items assesing percieved family economic hardship
Adolescents’ Perception of Financial Hardship Scale (Rajhvajn Bulat, Ajduković, Sušac, 2016)
9 items assessing the extent to which adolescents inform their parents about their activities and whereabouts
Parental Monitoring Scale (Small, 1993)
8 items assessing the participants’ well-being through their perception of life satisfaction on differents aspects of their life
Student’s Life Satisfaction (Rees, Goswami, & Bradshaw, 2010)
9th International Conference of the Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Zagreb, MAY, ZAGREB

8. Results (1)
Sex (+)
Secondary school program
Urban/rural area (-)

9. Results (2) Sex (+) Secondary school program Urban/rural area (-)
Relative assessment of the family financial status
Relative assessment of family housing status (+)
Perception of economic hardship (-)

10. Results (3) 28.4% Sex (+) Secondary school program
Urban/rural area
Comparison of family financial status
Comparison of family housing status (+)
Perception of economic hardship (-)
Parental monitoring (+)

11. Mediation role of parental monitoring
Economic hardship
Subjective well- being

12. Conclusion
Adolescents’ perception of family economic hardship and parental monitoring are significant predictors for adolescents’ subjective well- being.
Parental monitoring is partial mediator of the relationship between adolescents’ perception of family economic hardship and subjective well- being.

13. Conclusion
Other possible operationalization of parental monitoring as protective factor?
The need for the qualitative research on parental monitoring
The importance of measuring adolescents’ perception of economic hardship

14. Thank you!