1. CHAPTER 6
LIGHTING

2. CHAPTER OBJECTIVES Explore the Properties of light;
Understand the Traditions and Options for creative Lighting Design;
Survey Equipment used to Supply and Control light;
Achieve a Foundation to Translate your concepts to screen through Lighting design.

3. ELEMENTS OF LIGHTING Amount Footcandle
Lux (10.75 lux in one footcandle)
Inverse square rule
Direction
“Throw” of the light
Quality
Incident light
Diffused light
Color

4. LIGHTING INSTRUMENTS

5. MODELING LIGHT
Three-Point Lighting
Key light
Fill light
Back light

6. MODELING LIGHT
Four-Point Lighting
Background light

7. LIGHTING DESIGN Base illumination Available light Motivating light
Practical lights
Spill
Eye light
Kicker light
Contrast ratios

8. COLOR
Visible light
Starts at 700 nanometers and ends at 400 nanometers
Color affects mood

9. COLOR COLOR THEORY Subtractive color Primary colors: Yellow, Cyan, and
Magenta
Additive color
Primary colors in light:
Blue, Red, and Green

10. COLOR COMPLEMENTARY COLORS Yellow for Blue Cyan for Red
Magenta for Green

11. COLOR
COLOR
TEMPERATURE

12. COLOR Mixed Lighting Filter the windows with orange gel
Filter the artificial lights with blue gel
Use HMI lights, which are balanced to match daylight

13. LIGHT METERS Reflected light meters Incident light meter
Light meters need to know…
Camera shutter speed
Exposure index (EI)
Amount of light

14. EXTERNAL MONITORS
Field monitor
Waveform monitor
Vectorscope

15. FILTERS Lighting Filters Camera Filters Postproduction Filtering
Diffusion filters
Color correction filters
Special effects color filter
Camera Filters
Ultraviolet filter (UV)
Neutral density filter
Polarizing filter
Special effects filters
Graduated filters
Postproduction Filtering

16. LIGHTING ACCESSORIES Scrims Dots Cucoloris Umbrellas
Reflector boards and bounce cards
Grip stands
Gator grips
Gaffer tape

17. POWER AND SAFETY A/C current
15 Amp circuit running 120 volts can power about 1,440 watts
Generators
Batteries
Secure cables
Keep light stands and production gear out of traffic

18. THE LIGHTING TEAM
Director of photography
Gaffer
Best boy
Grips

19. EXTERIOR LIGHTING
Reflectors and bounce cards
Magic hour

20. CREATIVE APPROACHES High-key lighting Low-key lighting Pools of light
Shafts of light

21. SAMPLE EXERCISES
Try a Three-Point lighting set-up and record the design on Videotape. Add a background light to expand the experiment to a four-point lighting scheme.
Light a human subject Three Different Ways. For each of the three set-ups try to achieve a feeling that matches the artistic styles of Realism, Expressionism and Impressionism.
Spend a day shooting test footage of an Outdoor Environment. Document how the light changes Throughout the day.
Copyright 2008 Taylor and Francis