1. Repetitive atrial flutter as a complication of the left-sided simple maze procedure 
Akihiko Usui, MD, Yasuya Inden, MD, Shinichi Mizutani, MD, Yasushi Takagi, MD, Toshiaki Akita, MD, Yuichi Ueda, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 73, Issue 5, Pages (May 2002)
DOI: /S (02)

2. Fig 1
Schema of left-sided simple maze procedure and induced atrial flutter in an electrophysiologic study. Upper portion is a visceral view of both atria, whereas lower portion is a dorsal view. Black lines represent incisions and gray area shows cryoablation at surgery. Black area shows linear block with radio-frequency ablation. Gray ovals show expected reentry circuits of atrial flutter induced in electrophysiologic study. Ovals (1) and (2) are counterclockwise and clockwise common atrial flutter, respectively. Oval (3) is an incisional atrial flutter around the right atriotomy. Oval (4) refers to left atrial tachycardia. Black area (a) indicates anatomical linear ablation of right atrial isthmus, whereas black area (b) is linear block between the atriotomy and the inferior vena cava (IVC). (LAA = left atrial appendage; MV = mitral valve; PV = pulmonary vein; RAA = right atrial appendage; SVC = superior vena cava; TV = tricuspid valve.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (02) )