1. CONDITIONALS

3. Finish the sentences: If I pass my English exam, ......
If I passed my English exam, .....
If I had passed my English exam, .....

4. Types of conditional sentences
Zero conditional: rules and facts
First conditional: possible and probable conditions
Second conditional: possible and improbable conditions
Third conditional: impossible conditions
Other conditional sentences

5. if + Present Simple, Present Simple
Zero conditional
talking in general
the situations that are always true if something happens
to describe rules and situations where one event always follows the other
If clause + Result clause
if + Present Simple, Present Simple
If you heat water, it boils.
If you want to study in the USA, you have to pass an exam in English.
it may be replaced by 'when'
When I am late, I go to work by car.
you can also put the result clause first without using a comma between the clauses
You get water if you mix hydrogen and oxygen.

6. Zero conditional in the past
if + Past Simple, Past Simple
Years ago if people travelled a long distance, the journey took days.

7. Complete these conditionals with personal information.
1. If I have a problem, 2. If I need money, 3. If my parents are angry, 4. If I do not learn, 5. If I have a fight with my girlfriend / boyfriend, or: What do you do if you have a problem?

8. First conditional
to talk about possible future events that depend on other future events
It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled
if + Present Simple, will + infinitive
may / can / be going to / imperative
If I save enough money, I will go on holiday.
If I pass my exams, my parents will continue supporting me financially.
If it snows today, we may go for a walk.
If you see him, tell him I was here.
If you don’t want to join us, you can stay at home.

9. Complete these statements with personal information.
1. If I have money, 2. If I have time tonight, 3. If I pass all my exams, 4. If I find a job soon, 5. If the situation in Croatia gets better, or: What will you do if…..? / What are you going to do if…?

10. if + Past Simple, would / could / might + infinitive
Second conditional
to talk about imagined, impossible or unlikely events in the future
If I had enough money, I would love to do something like that. (the sentence refers to the future)
to talk about impossible / unreal present situations
If I were you, I would study more.
if + Past Simple, would / could / might + infinitive
If I had enough money, I would buy a new car.

11. Complete these statements with personal information.
1. If I won the lottery, 2. If I didn’t meet my best friend, 3. If my parents were more understanding, 4. If I could travel anywhere in the world, 5. If I had time, or: What would you do if…..? / What could you do if…?

12. Third Conditional
to talk about unreal situations in the past and to imagine things that did not happen
both condition and result are impossible now
if + Past Perfect, would/could/might + Perfect Infinitive
If I hadn’t broken my leg, I would have gone skiing.
If I had studied more, I would have passed the exam.

13. Complete these statements with personal information.
1. If I hadn’t been accepted here, 2. If I had studied harder last semester, 3. If I had had time last weekend, 4. If I had known that, 5. If I hadn’t met _____, or: What would you have done if…..? What could you have done if…?

14. UNLESS = IF NOT You don’t get fit unless you exercise regularly.
You don’t get fit if you don’t exercise regularly.
Unless we take a taxi, I won’t go with you.
If we don’t take a taxi, I won’t go with you.

15. Other expressions used in conditional clauses:
WHETHER OR NOT
Whether you pay or not, you won’t be able to enter without an invitation.

16. Other expressions used in conditional clauses:
ON CONDITION THAT
PROVIDED THAT
PROVIDING THAT
SO LONG AS
AS LONG AS
"I will only tell my age on the condition / provided / that you tell yours."
ASSUMING THAT/
SUPPOSING THAT
"Assuming that it's fine tomorrow, we'll go for a swim"
 "What would you do supposing that you were given the chance to see the future ?"

17. Mixed conditionals
If-clauses can be mixed provided that they make sense within a context.
If they were studying all morning, they will be tired now.
(they were studying so they are tired now.)
If I were faster, I would have won the race.
(I´m not fast so I didn´t win the race.)
If she had saved her money, she would go on holiday
(she didn´t save her money so she won´t go on holiday.)

18. Task: Complete the sentences with the right form.
1. If you ask him, he ___________ (take) you to the airport.
2. The view was wonderful. If I ________(have) a camera with me, I would have taken some photographs.
3. You know that I can’t afford this ring. If I earned more, I ________________(buy) you the whole world.
4. It’s a pity I didn’t go to France last summer. If I had gone there, I ____________________ (have) a chance to use my French.
5. If I were you, I ______________ (take) your neighbour to court.
6. What ____________ (do) if you knew he was a thief?
7. I would have never guessed the answer If you ___________ (not help) me.

19. Key: 1. If you ask him, he will take you to the airport.
2. The view was wonderful. If I had had a camera with me, I would have taken some photographs.
3.You know that I can’t afford this ring. If I earned more, I would buy you the whole world.
4.It’s a pity I didn’t go to France last summer. If I had gone there, I would have had a chance to use my French.
5.If I were you, I would take your neighbour to court.
6. What would you do, if you knew he was a thief?
7. I would have never guessed the answer if you hadn’t helped me.

20. Q & A