1. HOW TO WRITE A FRQ RESPONSE
AP EUROPEAN HISTORY
HOW TO WRITE A FRQ RESPONSE

2. Hamburger Method
Appetizing Introduction

3. Thesis AP Hamburger Method Conclusion Body of Your Essay
A Broad Statement on the Topic Question
Thesis: The Position you want to PROVE
The Organization Statement – 3 Points you want to prove that make up the ESSAY BODY
AP Hamburger Method
Thesis
3 Paragraphs 1) Topic Sentence 2) Fact to prove topic 3) Fact 4) Fact 5) Analysis/ Transition
Body of Your Essay
Conclusion
Restate your thesis
Recap your points
Analysis/Conclusion

4. The Introductory Paragraph The “Top Bun” of your essay!
4-6 sentences

5. The Introductory Paragraph
Establish TIME & PLACE.
(Italy in the 15th Century)
2. Create a clear, THESIS STATEMENT. [underline or highlight it!] (can be 2 sentences if need be) – THESIS MUST STATE WHAT WILL BE IN YOUR MAIN BODY
3. Allude to the SUB-TOPICS or categories or groups you will discuss to support your thesis statement
4. Focus on the question at hand—do NOT begin with a “flowery” sentence!
No “laundry list!”

6. The Introductory Paragraph
TOPICS
-Sub Topics or Categories that will make up the Topic Sentences in your main body paragraphs)

7. The Introductory Paragraph
TOPICS
EXAMPLES
Social Political
Economic Religious
Military Moral
Commercial Agricultural
Cultural Financial
Domestic (policy) Foreign (policy)
Ideological

8. The Introductory Paragraph
THESIS STATEMENT WITH TOPICS
Although the Italian Renaissance shared many characteristics with the Northern Renaissance, the movements differed drastically in their financial backing (patronage), themes (religion-influence of Christian Humanism), and styles (oil paint/ mannerism etc.)
Paragraph 1- Intro w/ Thesis
Paragraph 2- Similarities
Paragraph 3- Differences- Financial Backing
Paragraph 4- Themes
Paragraph 5- styles
Paragraph 6- Conclusion

9. The Introductory Paragraph
OTHER SUGGESSTIONS
Your first paragraph will include both your thesis and a preview of the evidence you will use.
The first paragraph will have an intriguing, artful or clever beginning. In short, it will be more like literature.
Your beginning may set up the context of the question, linking the known to the unknown (what you will prove by the end of the paper.)

10. The Introductory Paragraph
You might consider using analogy or metaphor.
You might pose a commonly held position, or misperception, and then attack it.

11. The “tasty” part of your essay! 8-12 sentences+ per paragraph
The "Meat" Paragraphs
The “tasty” part of your essay!
8-12 sentences+ per paragraph

12. The "Meat" Paragraphs
Identify your sub-topic or category in the first sentence. (TOPIC SENTENCE)
It should reflect your thesis statement
List as the same order
Bring in supportive outside information [o.i.]. This is critical!
-Use facts-Specific Examples, dates, numbers, names, etc.
-6-10 Sentences

13. The “Bottom Bun” of your essay! It holds it all together!
The Concluding Paragraph
The “Bottom Bun” of your essay!
It holds it all together!
3-4 sentences

14. The Concluding Paragraph
Start with a “concluding phrase.”- “Finally, In Conclusion, Lastly”
Restate your thesis statement a bit differently.
Put your essay answer in a larger historical perspective.
End of some trend/movement/idea, etc.
Beginning of some trend/movement/idea, etc.
End of one & beginning of another.
Do NOT end on the note that this is the reason we are where we are today!

15. The Concluding Paragraph
Put your essay answer in a larger historical perspective. (EXAMPLE)
Example- The art of the both the Northern Renaissance and Italian Renaissance reflect the awakening of western civilization into an era of unsurpassed world wide dominance.

16. Put It All Together

17. Meant as filler when you don’t know what to say!
What is Fluff?
Cute
General
Vague narratives
Meant as filler when you don’t know what to say!

18. REMINDERS No 1st Person (I, YOU, US, WE, ME)
NO CONTRACTIONS (Wasn’t= was not)
NEVER USE “TODAY”
NO FLUFF!
DON’T BEGIN OR END WITH QUOTE
SPELLING/ NEATNESS