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Cell Differentiation and Gene Expression

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Presentation on theme: "Cell Differentiation and Gene Expression"— Presentation transcript:

1 Cell Differentiation and Gene Expression
9 Biology

2 Cell Differentiation and Gene Expression
Gene expression regulates cell behavior Gene regulation can turn on or turn off certain gene expression This process can be visible, or invisible

3 Ex: Siamese Cats Coloration of siamese cats is like a heat map of their bodies Form of albinism Mutation of TYR gene that encodes for enzyme tyrosinease Enzyme involved in melanin production, and due to mutation, is heat sensitive Colder areas of the cats are dark, and warmer areas are lighter, and their eyes are always blue

4 Gene Expression and Proteins
Gene expression is regulated by proteins Proteins are regulated by amino acid sequence Amino acid sequence is encoded on DNA

5 Mutations: Gene or Chromosomal
Gene mutation: Changes amino acid, thus changing the protein encoded Chromosomal mutation: Structural change in the chromosome Loss of chromosomes, loss of pieces of chromosome, extra chromosomes, duplication of chromosomes

6 Causes of Gene and Chromosomal Mutations
Physical mutagens: U.V. light Radiation Chemical mutagens: Formaldehyde Nitrous acid Chromosomal mutations: Radiation Chemicals Viruses

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