1. Leader as an integrity builder
Achala Dahal/ Shiva Hari Adhikari

2. Session Outlines Factors influencing integrity
Integrity leader/ integrity builder
Solving integrity problem
Compliance vs. Integrity

3. A thought…….
10/14/2019

4. Key Questions Am I giving my best?
How potential am I? Am I am performing with my full potentiality?
What is my approach of decision making? Am I guided with public interest?
Am I giving my best?
Am I willing to stand up for and defend what is right?
Will my action or decisions be in the interest of or for the greatest good for the greatest number?
How do I decide upon ethical dilemma?

5. Integrity Building: Philosophical Aspect

6. Deontological
Rule-based approach, focusing on obligation and duty, similar to the orientation found in the Geeta. Since attention is directed to the act itself, this approach is non-consequentialist.
Do the right thing.
Do it because it's the right thing to do.
Don't do wrong things.
Avoid them because they are wrong.
FOCUS: WHAT IS RIGHT

7. Teleological
An approach that focuses on the consequences of the action, one that conceives of ethics as concerned with measuring the amount of goodness, or badness, arising from behavior. Attention is directed towards assessing the consequences of a particular action rather than examining the act itself.
FOCUS: WHAT IS GOOD

8. Existential
Attention is directed squarely on the individual. Concepts such as authenticity, which refers to how true the person is to himself or herself, integrity, and genuine-ness are factors that must be considered in judging each individual act at that particular time within the context of the unique circumstances prevailing.
FOCUS: WHAT IS AUTHENTIC

9. Existentialism Attention on individual Integrity True to self
Consistent
Authentic
Focus: what is authentic

10. Foundation of Integrity
For individual
For institution

11. Individual Values/ Loyalties Ancestors Values Social Values
Professional Values
Source : Leading innovation - Marshall Ganz and Ronald Heifetz

12. Core governance institutions Public sector agencies
T, A and I
Resources
Independence
Non-governmental actors

14. Factors Influencing Integrity
Individual Factors
Social Factors
Contextual Factors
Values
Ethics
Moral principle
Knowledge/ Experience
Personal goal
Personality
Social relations
Culture
Religion
MY CHOICE
Politicial
Economic
Legal
Technological
Powers

15. Integrity Leader and Integrity Builder

16. Recall the characteristics of the leader who you find with high integrity.
Is it enough?

17. Integrity Leader and Builder
Consistency in actions
Committed to do the right thing for the right reason.
Shows concerns on public interest
Transparency
Believes in zero tolerance to corruption
Establishes and constructs ethical culture
Communicates and follows ethical standards consistently
Innovates and takes risk
Shows courage
Integrity Builder

18. Core Characteristics of Toxic Leader
 the capacity to work effectively within organizations. It involves understanding how institutions work and knowing how best to foster 
1. Commitment to public interest
1. Commitment to public interest
2. Incorruptibility
2. Incorruptibility
4. Experimentation
3. Consistency of goal
6. Institutional intelligence
5. Competence

19. Core Characteristics of Popular and Self-serving Leader
1. Commitment to public interest
1. Commitment to public interest
2. Incorruptibility
2. Incorruptibility
4. Experimentation
3. Consistency of goal
6. Institutional intelligence
5. Competence

20. Core Characteristics of Integrity Builder
1. Commitment to public interest
2. Incorruptibility
4. Experimentation
3. Consistency of goal
6. Institutional intelligence
5. Competence

21. Integrity Building Approaches
A lawyer’s approach
Toughening laws & legislations
A businessman’s approach
Offering incentives to officials to disengage from corruption (buy out corruption).
A market or an economist’s approach
Introduce or increase competition
An institutional approach
Genuine political/leadership commitment

22. Integrity Building: Compliance vs Integrity Approach
When going on the journey of integrity leader has to choose various approaches
Based on compliance (reactive and proactive)
Based on integrity building (reactive and proactive)

23. Compliance Approach
 A Compliance Approach to reducing corruption and/or solving integrity or ethical challenges is characterized by being: • Rules-based • Focused on the application and enforcement of rules and procedures • Adversarial: naming, shaming, litigation • Problem-focused • Less Discretion

24. Integrity Approach
 The Integrity Approach to reducing corruption and/or solving integrity or ethical challenges is characterized by being: • Values-based • Aware of discrepancies between policies, rules and laws, and its implementation • Collaboration-focused
• Solution-focused • More discretion

25. Reactive Proactive Compliance Integrity Community Integrity Building
Compliance training
Integrity testing
Zero tolerance policy
Code of Conduct
Business Collective Action
Supplier “white lists”
Rewards to whistle-blowers
Integrity Pact
Medium return, Medium risk
Community Integrity Building
Multi-stakeholder initiatives with oversight
Integrity as competitive differentiator
Holistic/step change
High return, High risk
The Integrity Pact, developed by Transparency International, is a tool for preventing corruption, mainly used in public contracting. It is essentially an agreement between the government agency offering a contract and the companies bidding for it, that they will abstain from bribery, collusion and other corrupt practices for the extent of the contract.  Most Integrity Pacts rely on digitally-based procedures to prevent direct contact between bidders with their bids, and the persons involved in the decision-making process.  To ensure accountability, Integrity Pacts also include a monitoring system typically led by civil society or other external groups.
Ethics advice center
Ethics officer
Code of Ethics
Compliance-plus ethics
Low return, Low risk
Whistle-blower hotline
Whistle-blower protection
Supplier “black lists”
Low return, Low risk
Compliance Integrity
Adopted from Integrity Action

26. Reactive Proactive Compliance Integrity Community Integrity Building
Compliance training
Integrity testing
Zero tolerance policy
Code of Conduct
Business Collective Action
Supplier “white lists”
Rewards to whistle-blowers
Integrity Pact
Medium return, Medium risk
Community Integrity Building
Multi-stakeholder initiatives with oversight
Integrity as competitive differentiator
Holistic/step change
High return, High risk
The Integrity Pact, developed by Transparency International, is a tool for preventing corruption, mainly used in public contracting. It is essentially an agreement between the government agency offering a contract and the companies bidding for it, that they will abstain from bribery, collusion and other corrupt practices for the extent of the contract.  Most Integrity Pacts rely on digitally-based procedures to prevent direct contact between bidders with their bids, and the persons involved in the decision-making process.  To ensure accountability, Integrity Pacts also include a monitoring system typically led by civil society or other external groups.
Ethics advice center
Ethics officer
Code of Ethics
Compliance-plus ethics
Low return, Low risk
Whistle-blower hotline
Whistle-blower protection
Supplier “black lists”
Low return, Low risk
Compliance Integrity
Adopted from Integrity Action

27. Take Away Think about your decision or action;
Know and act on what is right or good at work;
Several factors may play a role in integrity; and
No single quadrant/approach is enough.

28. Thank you