1. PURPLE BOOK PAGE 14 NUMBER 5
BELLWORK
PURPLE BOOK PAGE 14 NUMBER 5

2. English II
Text Structures
IIB

3. Author’s Purpose:
a writer’s reason for writing. The author ALWAYS has a reason for writing.
Examples of Author’s Purpose
To entertain
To instruct
To inform
To inspire
To persuade
To complain
To explain
To encourage

4. Text Structure:
the way information is presented or organized.
Each text structure helps an author to achieve his or her purpose for writing.
Examples of Text Structures
Description
Chronological order
Comparing or contrasting
Cause and effect
Process
Problem and solution

5. Description: Using details or imagery to present information.
Sometimes the author may use a description “to emphasize” something.
This means he/she maybe be trying to stress or call attention to something in the passage.
Purple book pages

6. Compare (Similarities) and Contrast (Differences):
To show how things are alike or different.
Clues
However
Although
On the other hand
Yet
As opposed
In the same way
But
Like
Different
Similarly
Purple book pages

7. or Chronological Order :
Sequential Order
or Chronological Order :
giving events in the order that they occurred in time.
Used for narrating a story or writing a biography.
Clues would be words like first, then, next, after, before, and last.
Dates may also be used.
Purpose is usually to build on events as they occurred, which in some cases also builds suspense.

8. Process or Procedural Order :
giving the steps of a process in the order they should be performed.
Similar to sequential order
but
instead of giving events in the order that they occurred, a writer explains the steps of a process in the order they should be performed.

9. Order of Importance:
organizing details, reasons, etc. in the order of their importance.
Either from most important to least important or from least important to most important.
Often seen in persuasive writing.

10. Spatial Order :
organizing the description of items according to their position or closeness to each other.
Could be used to describe a room that acts as a setting in a narrative.
Purple book pages

11. Cause & Effect:
a relationship that explains how one thing makes something else happen.
Can be stated or implied.
The cause answers the question “Why did this happen?”
because
(the) cause is
Due to
First
For
Since
Keywords for causes

12. Cause & Effect: (continued)
The effect answers the question “What happened as a result?”
As a result
Consequently
Resulted in
(the) result is
Therefore
Thus
Keywords for effects

13. Problem & Solution:
Giving a conflict or issue (the problem) and its answer (the solution).
The problem can be a conflict or some other kind of issue. The solution can be an answer or a resolution to the problem.
Purple book page 101.

14. Reading 2 passages:
Sometimes an author may choose one type of organization over another for a specific purpose.
And sometimes the 2 passages are not related.

15. Reading 2 passages: (tip)
Read the first passage. Identify the text structure . Look at your answer choices and cross off any choices that do not match the passage.
Then read the second passage and identify its text structure. Look at your remaining answer choices .
The correct answer SHOULD be obvious. 
Purple book page

16. Possible test questions
How does the organizational structure of this paragraph support the author’s purpose?
How does the organizational structure of this paragraph relate to the author’s purpose?
How does the organizational structure of this passage help convey the author’s purpose?
How does the descriptive information in lines 1-42 support the author’s purpose in the passage?

17. Possible test questions (continued)
Which statement below accurately evaluates the organizational structures of the excerpts?
How do the organizational structures of the excerpts support the author’s purpose?
In comparing the two paragraphs above, how does structure support the meaning of the texts?

18. Terms Vulnerable Reveals Visualize Justifies Persuasive tone
Appreciate
Chronology
Classify
Objective
Sincere
Emphasize
Demonstrate facets
Regarding
Commonalities
Conveys
Intimidate
Isolation
Illuminate
Highlights
Consequences
Clarifies

19. Mississippi SATP English II Revised: Multiple Choice
Student Review Guide for Vocabulary/Reading