1. Urban planning and air quality improvement in Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia
Master student: Enkhbaatar DAVAANYAM Supervisor: Prof.Helmut Yabar
ID:

2. Introduction
World Bank (2002) suggests that urban planners need to consider the possibilities of effective socio-economic factors including creation of employment opportunities in provincial centres, as well as likely negative impact on air quality and traffic.
From this air pollution sources, more than 60 percent of PM10 emits from traditional stoves, 8.61 percent from transport and other sources (JICA, 2016).

3. Background

4. Study area Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia Population: 1.5 million (2017)
Average annual temperature: -0.4°C ( )
Monthly minimum temperature: -26.0°C ( January )
Monthly maximum temperature : 24.8°C (July )
Recorded extreme minimum temperature: -49.0°C ( )
Recorded extreme maximum temperature: 39.5°C (2005)
Average annual precipitation: mm

5. Population
Influx of low incomers Promulgation of land privatization laws
After the dissolution of Soviet Union, Both the population and the urban functions become intensely concentrated in Ulaanbaatar (World Bank, 2010).
The law revision of land privatization in had accelerated the growing population
( Minrue Wang et al., 2016).
Up to 2016, the population in UB was more than 2 times of it in 2f 0o00.
Dissolution of the Soviet Union

6. Air quality in Ulaanbaatar city
1030 UTC,
January 12th , 2018
773μg/m3
70〜385μg/m3
From World Air Quality Index

7. Influence to UB citizens
The atmospheric pollution in winter is one of the most serious environmental problems that threaten the public health of citizen, and effect on the infant mortality in recent years (Oyunchimeg et al., 2005).
29% of cardiopulmonary deaths and 40% of lung cancer deaths in the city
are attributable to outdoor air pollution（Allen et al.,
Demonstration held in Sükhbaatar Square by UB citizens, on January 13, 2018
Demonstration held in Sükhbaatar Square by UB citizens, on December 26, 2016
2013). 7

8. Central Ger District 2638.1ha
Ger districts around the urban area of UB
39955
households people
Middle Ger District ha
47721
households people
Fringe Ger District ha
52060
households people
Modified from Ts.Enkhbayar 2014

9. Topography and geographical location

10. Clear atmosphere above the inversion layer10
Photo from Musings in Mongolia,

11. Research propose
 Main purpose of my research will be focused on how to do urban planning including air pollution reduction management based on scientific research results.

12. Used data Meteorological data, 2014-2016 (I, II, XI, XII ) 5 station
Air temperature, °C
Air maximum temperature, °C
Air minimum temperature, °C
Air pressure, gPa
Wind speed, m/s
Wind direction, %
Radiosonde data, (I, II, XI, XII ) 1 station
Air quality data, (I, II, XI, XII ) 10 station
 Pm 10, µg/m³

13. Result According to Mori et al. 2012, The concentration of
Correlation coefficient
UB-1
UB-2
UB-4
UB-5
UB-7
UB-8
AQMS-1
AQMS-2
AQMS-3
AQMS-4 At
-0.49
-0.06
-0.18
0.10
-0.41
-0.37
-0.35
-0.59
Amax
-0.42
0.08
0.09
0.34
-0.03
-0.10
0.01
-0.14
Amin
-0.56
-0.22
0.02
-0.53
-0.43
-0.47
-0.58
RH%
-0.26
-0.32
-0.27
-0.17
-0.19
-0.30
-0.29
0.00 P
0.45
0.21
0.35
0.19
0.33
According to Mori et al.
Janaury Ws
-0.28
-0.62
-0.61
-0.40
-0.50
-0.21
Ws8
0.17
-0.51
-0.60
-0.73
-0.65
-0.54
WsMax
-0.11
-0.67
-0.72
-0.69
-0.63
-0.68
2012, The concentration of
Degree
0.87
0.37
0.61
0.62
0.42
0.53
0.32
Thickness
0.38
-0.01
-0.16
-0.05
PM has a significant
Intensity
0.15
0.71
0.70
0.82
0.58
0.55
0.69
0.49
count 17 22 30 29 24 31
0.16
0.18
0.07
0.05
negative correlation with
0.39
0.40
0.22
0.27
0.06
0.03
-0.13
-0.15
the wind velocity during
0.12
0.30
0.13
0.20
-0.08
UB’s winter.
Febraury
-0.48
-0.24
-0.36
-0.45
-0.55
-0.31
-0.44
-0.57
-0.39
-0.25
0.51
-0.09
0.48
0.57
0.11
-0.07
0.50
0.44
0.41 28 16 26
November
-0.20
0.14
0.67
0.46
0.56
-0.64
-0.38
-0.33
-0.02
-0.23
-0.12
0.28
0.36
-0.04 25 10
December
-0.52
-0.80
-0.78
-0.34
-0.66
0.65
0.64
0.68
0.60
0.54
0.31
0.25
0.24 27 21 8

14. Inversion Intensity, °C/m 0.00905 0.01178 0.00857 0.00846
UB4
UB5
450
1200
R= 0.569
( P value < 0.01 )
400
R= 0.608
( P value < 0.01 )
1000
350
Pm10, µg/m³
300
Pm10, µg/m³
800
250
600
200
150
400
100
200 50
Inversion intensity, °C/m
0.025
Inversion intensity, °C/m
0.025
November
December
January
February
Inversion Degree, °C
2.3
3.2
2.4
2.5
Inversion Thickness, m
296.1
288.3
306.7
272.2
Inversion Intensity, °C/m
Surface wind speed, m/s
1.2
0.6
1.0
Pm 10, µg/m³
110.3
123.2
195.9
167.7
Air quality standard, µg/m³
100

15. St2
St1
St4
St3
Source: Mongolian statistical information service, 2014

16. Future work Plan
To do geospatial analysis by ArcGIS ( Suitable, Cluster and Network )
To analyze results specially air pollution transport
To prepare recommendation for decision makers how to use results for urban planning.

17. Thank you very much for your attention