1. Patenting Devices
Abhishek Mitra

2. Patent Something open to public review and protection thereof.
US patent and trade mark office.
Design patents – new and original ornamental design. Initial letter D.
Plant patents – discovery of a new variety of plant. e.g. A peach tree. Initial letter P.
Utility patents – new and useful process, machine or composition of matter. e.g. A chemical manufacturing process.
Protect inventions and improvements to existing inventions .

3. What my not be Patented Laws of nature Physical phenomena
Abstract ideas
Literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works (these can be Copyright protected).
Inventions which are:
Not useful (such as perpetual motion machines); or
Offensive to public morality

4. Some Facts
In ,090 Applications for patent were filed out of which 154,647 were issued.
55% Were granted to US citizens, rest to foreign residents.
Some Organizations with a high patent counts in 1998 include IBM(2657), Canon(1928), Sony(1316), Samsung(1304).

5. Requisites Novelty – Must not have been known or used by someone.
Utility – Invention must have some useful purpose.
Non Obviousness – Difference between the subject and prior art should be substantial.
Nonobvious to a person having ordinary skill in the area of technology related to the invention.
Obvious Stuff - Long Felt, unresolved issues, failure of others.

6. How to Apply Only the inventor may apply for a patent
If two or more persons make an invention jointly, they apply for a patent as joint inventors
Application for a patent for Patents includes:
A written document which comprises a specification (description and claims), and an oath or declaration
A drawing in those cases in which a drawing is necessary
The filing fee, basic fee to present 20 claims.

7. Searching www.uspto.gov/main/patents.htm
(accurate searches)
Search by patent number
Advanced search
E.G. “Digital and wireless and modem”
All images in tiff format
Full text shows all claims

8. Utility Patent
Transmittal letter - name of the applicant, type of application, title of the invention, the contents.
Application data sheet.
Specification - written description of the invention, computer program listings.
Title of invention - up to 500 characters.
Drawing Requirements - black ink, color (rare)

9. Utility Patents Cross-reference to related applications
Reference to sequence listing, a table, or a computer program
Background of the invention - field of endeavor, prior art etc
Brief summary of the invention
Claim or claims - point out and distinctly claim the subject matter
Drawings (when necessary) - understanding of the subject
Oath or declaration – signed by inventors

10. EFS Electronic Filing System for submitting patents.
Only Utility Patents
It includes
authoring tools in XML format
ePAVE (electronic packaging and validation engine) to assemble and transmit to USPTO over the Internet
digital certificate to secure the transmission

11. Some Examples Patent No
– Erbium doped porous Silicon LEDs, resulting in enhancement of luminescence. (Hong Kong Baptist Univ.)
Body wearable keyboard (SONY)
Hands-free wireless communication in a vehicle. Cellport Systems
– CD with a built in Chip. Giesecke & Devrient GmbH

12. Patent No 6,151,355, DataRadio Inc
Wireless modem A modem unit, typically a wireless modem unit, has a bidirectional digital data port, a modem, a transceiver, and a microcontroller programmed to control the unit according to a control program.
The microcontroller controls switches which determine the routing of data between the port, the modem and the microcontroller.

14. Claims Modem unit, Bidirectional serial digital data port,
Transceiver,
Converting to analog signals for modulating a transmitter,
Receiving and demodulating analog signals from a receiver
Switches connected between the port, the modem and the microcontroller
Digital data to be transmitted from the microcontroller and/or the port

15. Patent No 5,748,214 Seiko Epson
Accompanying Patent 5,818,472 : Ink jet recording apparatus
Ink jet recording head with sequential lamination of:
A resilient plate having piezoelectric elements
A pressure producing chamber forming plate

16. Patent No 5,748,214 Seiko Epson
A seal plate an other surface of the pressure plate
A plurality of ink supply communication paths, each with a selected pressure producing chamber
A reservoir chamber through the ink supply
The pressure producing chambers in one array are staggered with respect to the chambers in the other array

17. The head unit
2 Actuator
11 seal plate
12 pressure producing chamber forming plate16 Lower electrodes
15 Pressure producing chambers
17 Piezoelectric vibration elements
5 Flexible printed board (FPC)
19 connecting terminals
22 ink supply 22
25 reservoir chamber
30 St. Steel nozzle plate

18. Patents and Legalities
Gives inventor the right to mark the product.
Legal warning to infringer.
Can be used as an asset, (e.g. license after negotiating terms / bargaining)
Infringement – when a person or entity makes, uses or sells without knowledge of patentee.
Finally, claims are enforceable, get them right.