1. 10.2 Feudalism & Manorialism
The Middle Ages
10.2 Feudalism & Manorialism

2. Feudalism
Political system—developed in the absence of a strong central government
Violent time—kings and nobles needed help to fight off invaders
Fief (Land = Power)
Primogeniture
The Heir and the Spare

3. Throughout most of Europe you have …
Feudal nations included lands that had belonged to Charlemagne…
Throughout most of Europe you have …

4. Manorialism
Economic System—included a large estate that included the manor house, pastures, fields, and a village
Self-sufficient & Separation
serfs

5. Chivalry A code of conduct for knights
Brave, fight fare, loyal, keep work, gallantry to foes, courteous to women

6. 10.3
The Church

7. Secular Clergy (Lived among the people) Popes had supremacy in:
Roman Catholic Church
Territories in central Italy—Papal States
Church became involved in feudal system
The Church owned land and leaders had power as lords
Positions could be bought by local lords and were tied to a feudal contract
Bishops and Abbots were usually “2nd Sons” and had no interest in church affairs (simony p. 239)

8. Investiture Controversy
Pope Gregory VII
Convinced he was chosen by God to reform they church
Lay investiture—
(a lay man) a secular king/lord officially granting spiritual authority (usually to a bishop)
Pope Gregory declared only the Church could appoint clergy and he could remove any leaders who refused to comply
Henry IV (Holy Roman Empire—Germany)
w/o this power he felt he could not maintain his power in the face of the German nobles

9. Increase in Church Power
Concordat of Worms (p.324)
Controversy was settled with a new Pope & a new King! (it took THAT long to reconcile)
Emperor grants only lands and secular powers to church officials
Church officials would elect bishops and grant spiritual authority
Pope Innocent III
Believed the Pope was the supreme judge of European affairs
Interdict (p. 238)—used the practice to control European rulers (esp. last rights)

10. (Lived away from the people—according to strict laws)
Regular Clergy
(Lived away from the people—according to strict laws)
The High Middle Ages also saw an increase in those joining the order:
Cistercians
Nuns
Franciscans—missionaries
Dominicans—against heresy
Inquisition
Religious court whose job was to find & try heretics
Punish confessed heretics, tortured to confession, handed to state for execution if no confession