1. Relationship of venous reflux to the site of venous valvular incompetence: Implications for venous reconstructive surgery 
Natalia A. Gooley, M.D., David S. Sumner, M.D. 
Journal of Vascular Surgery 
Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages (January 1988)
DOI: / (88)
Copyright © 1988 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Venous recovery time (VRT) in limbs with no detectable deep venous incompetence, incompetence limited to the proximal and distal deep veins, and incompetence of both proximal and distal deep veins. Open circles indicate limbs with incompetent saphenous veins and closed circles represent limbs with competent saphenous veins. Normal VRTs are above and abnormal VRTs are below the horizontal line.
Journal of Vascular Surgery 1988 7, 50-59DOI: ( / (88) )
Copyright © 1988 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Effect of ankle tourniquet on VRTs in limbs with saphenous vein incompetence. Results of paired t test are indicated.
Journal of Vascular Surgery 1988 7, 50-59DOI: ( / (88) )
Copyright © 1988 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Diagrams illustrate length of postexercise hydrostatic column (shaded area) in superficial (left) and deep (right) veins of the leg. Direction of flow in perforating veins is indicated by arrows. None: no valvular incompetence; Prox: incompetent proximal deep venous valves only; Distal: incompetent distal deep venous valves only; Both: incompetent proximal and distal deep venous valves; and Saph: incompetent superficial venous valves.
Journal of Vascular Surgery 1988 7, 50-59DOI: ( / (88) )
Copyright © 1988 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions