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Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages (January 2017)

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1 Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 73-85 (January 2017)
Trophic Mode-Dependent Proteomic Analysis Reveals Functional Significance of Light- Independent Chlorophyll Synthesis in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803  Longfa Fang, Haitao Ge, Xiahe Huang, Ye Liu, Min Lu, Jinlong Wang, Weiyang Chen, Wu Xu, Yingchun Wang  Molecular Plant  Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages (January 2017) DOI: /j.molp Copyright © 2017 The Author Terms and Conditions

2 Figure 1 Determination of Trophic Growth Conditions of Synechocystis for Comparative Proteomic Analysis. (A) Early phase of the growth curves of dark-adapted Synechocystis switched to different trophic conditions as indicated. In each condition the presence and/or absence of glucose, light, and/or DCMU are shown in (B). The absorbance of the cell culture was measured every 3 h within 12 h after the switch. (B) The photos show the color changes of the cells in different trophic modes at the indicated time points. (C) Growth curves of the cells in different trophic modes measured within 48 h. The concentrations of cells were measured every 12 h after the first 12 h post inoculation. Molecular Plant  , 73-85DOI: ( /j.molp ) Copyright © 2017 The Author Terms and Conditions

3 Figure 2 Quantitative Identification of Synechocystis Proteomes in Different Trophic Modes. (A) Schematic representation of the strategy for quantitative analysis of the Synechocystis proteomes in different trophic modes using the TMT-labeling-based quantitative proteomics approach. LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. (B) The scheme of TMT labeling for three biological replicates. Note that the orders of the TMT labeling are different among the replicates. (C) Venn diagram showing the overlapping and uniquely identified proteins in all replicates. The filled light-blue cycle represents proteins identified with quantitative information from TMT reporter ions in all three replicates. (D) Functional categorization of all identified proteins according to the functions annotated by the CyanoBase. The bars and numbers represent the identification rates of proteins in each functional group. Molecular Plant  , 73-85DOI: ( /j.molp ) Copyright © 2017 The Author Terms and Conditions

4 Figure 3 Determination of Significantly Differentially Expressed Proteins among Trophic Modes. (A) Clustering analysis of 155 proteins with significant difference in expression as determined by multiple-sample ANOVA test with a permutation-based FDR of The Z-scored fold changes relative to the AT mode were used for the analysis. The scale bar shows the value of Z-scored fold changes. (B) Western blot detection of proteins without significant changes measured by TMT-based quantitative proteomics among different trophic modes. Ponceau-S staining was used as the loading control. (C) Profile plot of all differentially expressed proteins shown in (A). Red lines, proteins involved in nitrogen assimilation; green lines, proteins involved in the KEGG pathway porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism; blue dashed lines, the thresholds with a fold change of 1.5; grey lines, all the other differentially expressed proteins. (D) RT–PCR analysis of selected ORFs whose protein products are significantly up- or downregulated as shown in (C). Molecular Plant  , 73-85DOI: ( /j.molp ) Copyright © 2017 The Author Terms and Conditions

5 Figure 4 Predicted Upregulation of Pathways Involved in Nitrogen Assimilation and Chlorophyll Synthesis. (A) Schematic of the metabolic pathways for nitrogen assimilation and chlorophyll synthesis. GOGAT, glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase. (B) Representative mass spectrum of the peptide from PII carrying the canonical phosphosite at Ser49. The region containing TMT report ions (boxed by dashed lines) is horizontally zoomed in and displayed in the inset to show the relative abundance of the phosphopeptide in each sample. (C) Bars show the median abundances of the phosphopeptide in (B) quantified from all replicates. Error bars represent SDs. Molecular Plant  , 73-85DOI: ( /j.molp ) Copyright © 2017 The Author Terms and Conditions

6 Figure 5 Slightly Impaired Growth and Moderate Decrease of Chlorophyll Contents of ΔchlL Cultured in Continuous Light Illumination. (A) Left: growth curves of the WT and the mutant strain of Synechocystis cultured in different conditions with continuous light illumination, 5 mM glucose, and/or 5 μM DCMU were added to the medium when necessary. Right: images of the cells photographed at each indicated time point to show the changes of color, indicative of chlorophyll content. (B) Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of the cells shown in (A). The measurement was performed at the time point 96 h. Error bars represent SDs from three replicates. Molecular Plant  , 73-85DOI: ( /j.molp ) Copyright © 2017 The Author Terms and Conditions

7 Figure 6 Repressed Chlorophyll Synthesis of ΔchlL Cultured in Continuous Dark or Light/Dark Cycles. (A) Left: chlorophyll contents of the WT and the ΔchlL strains incubated in the dark for 96 h in the presence or absence of glucose. Right: the cultures were also imaged at the indicated time points to show the color changes of the cells during the time course. (B) Left: chlorophyll contents of the WT and ΔchlL strains incubated in light/dark (8 h/16 h) cycles for 96 h in the presence or absence of glucose. Right: imaging of cultures conducted as in (A). Molecular Plant  , 73-85DOI: ( /j.molp ) Copyright © 2017 The Author Terms and Conditions


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