1. Effects of physical stimulation with electromagnetic field and insulin growth factor-I treatment on proteoglycan synthesis of bovine articular cartilage 
Monica De Mattei, Ph.D., Agnese Pellati, Sc.D., Michela Pasello, Sc.D., Alessia Ongaro, Sc.D., Stefania Setti, M.S., Leo Massari, M.D., Donato Gemmati, Ph.D., Angelo Caruso, Ph.D. 
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 
Volume 12, Issue 10, Pages (October 2004)
DOI: /j.joca
Copyright © 2004 OsteoArthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Effects of IGF-I and EMF on PG synthesis. Bovine cartilage explants, cultured in 0% FBS, were treated for 24h with increasing doses of IGF-I (1, 5, 10, 50, 100ng/ml) in the absence (□) or presence () of EMF. All data are expressed as means±S.D. Percentage changes relative to control (explants cultured in the absence of both EMF exposure and IGF-I) are shown. Differences were considered significant at P≤0.05. ° indicates statistical significance vs control. * indicates statistical significance vs the same dose of IGF-I without EMF exposure. # indicates statistical significance vs the previous dose of IGF-I.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2004 OsteoArthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Effects of IGF-I and EMF on PG synthesis. Bovine cartilage explants, cultured in 10% FBS, were treated for 24h with increasing doses of IGF-I (1, 5, 10, 50, 100ng/ml) in the absence (□) or presence () of EMF. All data are expressed as means±S.D. Percentage changes relative to control (explants cultured in the absence of both EMF exposure and IGF-I) are shown. Differences were considered significant at P≤0.05. ° indicates statistical significance vs control. * indicates statistical significance vs the same dose of IGF-I without EMF exposure. # indicates statistical significance vs the previous dose of IGF-I.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2004 OsteoArthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Effects of IGF-I and EMF on medium PG release. Bovine cartilage explants, cultured in 10% FBS, were treated for 24h with increasing doses of IGF-I (1, 5, 10, 50, 100ng/ml) in the absence (□) or presence () of EMF. All data are expressed as means±S.D. Differences were considered significant at P≤0.05.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2004 OsteoArthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
Immunohistochemistry for type II (A) and type I (B) collagen of bovine chondrocytes cultured in monolayers. Nuclei were counterstained by hematoxylin (magnification 80×).
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2004 OsteoArthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

6. Fig. 5
Effects of IGF-I and EMF on PG synthesis. Chondrocyte monolayers, cultured in 0% FBS, were treated for 24h with increasing doses of IGF-I (1, 5, 10, 50, 100ng/ml) in the absence (□) or presence () of EMF. All data are expressed as means±S.D. Percentage changes relative to control (chondrocyte monolayers cultured in the absence of both EMF exposure and IGF-I) are shown. Differences were considered significant at P≤0.05. ° indicates statistical significance vs control. # indicates statistical significance vs the previous dose of IGF-I.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2004 OsteoArthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

7. Fig. 6
Effects of IGF-I and EMF on PG synthesis. Chondrocyte monolayers, cultured in 10% FBS, were treated for 24h with increasing doses of IGF-I (1, 5, 10, 50, 100ng/ml) in the absence (□) or presence () of EMF. All data are expressed as means±S.D. Percentage changes relative to control (chondrocyte monolayers cultured in the absence of both EMF exposure and IGF-I) are shown. Differences were considered significant at P≤0.05. ° indicates statistical significance vs control.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2004 OsteoArthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

8. Fig. 7
Effects of IGF-I and EMF on 3H-thymidine incorporation. Chondrocyte monolayers and cartilage explants, cultured in 0% and 10% FBS, were treated for 24h as follows: 0ng/ml IGF-I in the absence of EMF (control) (□); 0ng/ml IGF-I in the presence of EMF (); 100ng/ml IGF-I in the absence of EMF (); 100ng/ml IGF-I in the presence of EMF (). All values have been normalized to corresponding control values (100%). Differences were considered significant at P≤0.05. * indicates statistical significance vs control. ° indicates statistical significance vs IGF-I.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2004 OsteoArthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions