1. Zeenat Safdar et al. JCHF 2014;2:412-421
Collagen Biomarker Levels in Patients With Mild, Moderate, and Severe PAH Levels of (A) PIIINP, (B) CITP, (C) MMP-9, and (D) TIMP-1 are shown for patients with mild, moderate, and severe PAH. Patients with severe PAH had significantly elevated levels of PIIINP (p = 0.002). Mild PAH was defined by a 6MWD of ≥440 m, WHO FC of I to II, and RAP ≤10 mm Hg. Severe PAH was defined by a 6MWD of ≤350 m, WHO FC of III to IV, and RAP ≥15 mm Hg. Moderate PAH was between the criteria for severe and mild PAH. RAP = right atrial pressure; 6MWD = 6-min walk distance; WHO FC = World Health Organization functional classification; other abbreviations as in Figure 1.
Zeenat Safdar et al. JCHF 2014;2:
American College of Cardiology Foundation