1. Function, Structure, and Associated Biomolecule
Cell Organelles:
Function, Structure, and Associated Biomolecule

2. Mitochondria (Eukaryotes Only)
Function:
Powerhouse of the cell converts glucose energy into a usable form ATP energy! (Cellular Respiration)
Structure:
Two membranes
Inner membrane is highly folded
Active cells like muscle cells will have more
Associated Biomolecules:
Carbohydrates

3. Chloroplast (Eukaryotes Only)
Function:
Carry out photosynthesis to convert solar energy into glucose
Structure:
Two membranes with stacks of discs called thylakoids
Contains chlorophyll pigment which makes it green
Associated Biomolecules:
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acid Have DNA

4. Vesicle (Eukaryotes only)
Function:
Transports molecules around the cell (or outside the cell)
Helps remove waste/ debris from the cell
Structure:
A membrane sac with transported molecules inside
Smaller than a vacuole
Associated Biomolecules:
Lipids

5. Cell Membrane (Both cell types)
Function:
Controls what enters and leaves the cell
Helps Maintain Homeostasis
Structure:
A Phosolipid bilayer with embedded proteins (Lipid bilayer)
Within the cell wall
Associated Biomolecules:
Lipids
Proteins
Carbohydrates

6. Cell Wall (All Prokaryotes and eukaryotes, besides animal cells)
Function:
Provides structure, support, rigidity, and protection.
Structure:
Outside of the cell membrane
Made of Carbohydrates with embedded proteins
Contains cellulose in plants
Associated Biomolecules:
Carbohydrates

7. Ribosome (Both cells) Function: Structure: Associated Biomolecules:
The site of protein synthesis.
Structure:
Each cell contains thousands
Composed of rRNA & protein
2 units – 1 large, 1 small
Free in cytoplasm
Attached to the Rough ER
Associated Biomolecules:
Nucleic Acids
Protein

8. Cytoplasm (both Cells)
Function:
Support and cushion/protect organelles
In Bacteria, DNA is suspended in Cytoplasm
Structure:
Gel-like fluid within the cell
Associated Biomolecules:
Protein

9. Flagella (Flagellum) Function Structure Associated Biomolecules
Enables protista, bacteria, and sperm cells to swim
Motility= Movement
Eukaryotic Cell
Prokaryotic Cell
Structure
Flagellum – long whip-like
Associated Biomolecules
Proteins