1. Explain how the quotes support the ideas of totalitarianism and fascism
“Liberty is not an end,
it is a means. As a means
it needs to be controlled
and dominated. Here we come to
the question of force.”
“The one means that wins the easiest
victory over reason: terror and force.”
Benito
Mussolini
Adolf
Hitler

2. Fascism in Italy Post war Unrest Benito Mussolini Appeal of Fascism
Serious political and economic
problems after WWI
Unrest among workers
Benito Mussolini
Strong Nationalist
After WWI organized war
veterans- Fascist Party
Set out to bind Italians together
Appeal of Fascism
Veterans of WWI – wanted redemption from WWI
Nationalists – loved idea of glory of Roman Empire
Middle and upper class – feared socialism/communism …didn’t want to lose status (triangles)

3. Italy as a Fascist State
Mussolini Takes Over
Black Shirts- combat squads
attacked “enemies of the state”
“March on Rome” – fake
threat of “communist take over”
Italian King made him Prime
Minister
IL Duce – “the leader”
Italy as a Fascist State
Outlawed all Opposition
“Mussolini is always right”
Schools – Young Italy-
“Believe, Obey, Fight!”
Aggressive Foreign Policy

4. Biography video Notes Create the following outline:
Background/Childhood:
Personality Traits:
Details on his rise to power:

5. Mussolini and bodies of other Fascist leaders hung
by meat hooks while angry crowds kicked, spat and threw
rocks.