1. Welcome
TFMM workshop on the implementation of the EMEP monitoring strategy
Introduction to the
monitoring strategy
QA/QC activities of EMEP
organisation of the meeting
Kjetil Tørseth, EMEP-CCC/NILU

2. Strategy is adopted by the EMEP Steering Body
The Executive Body to the CLRTAP is expected to adopt it
A separate EB decision is suggested

3. Draft;

4. To be resolved to ensure its implementation;
Technical issues related to the monitoring
(methods, QA/QC etc)
__________________________________________________
Financial and organisational issues
(harmonisation, collaboration, multi-purpose etc.)
Selection of sites

5. Quality assurance in EMEP
EMEP is an extension of the OECD project LRTAP ( ) Preparatory phase initiated in 1977, regular measurements from 1978
Started with acid deposition, includes now a wide range of parameters (#~800)
Initially no fixed Data Quality Objectives and all data of a reasonable quality was welcomed
Different efforts for data quality improvements and harmonisation have been in place from the start
Manual for sampling and chemical analysis (1978, 1996)
Reference methods
Laboratory intercomparisons
Data checking in cooperation with countries and flagging
Training and audits
Workshops and expert meetings
Collaboration and harmonisation

6. Problems encountered Countries use different methodologies
Time series existed, unwilling or unable to change methods
Incomplete programme (not concurrent, collocated, full description (e.g. major ions in precip only from 1987)
Competence and qualifications
Technical facilities and instrumentation
Insufficient information about methods used
Metadata not known
Lack of efficient tools for quality control
Problems in data reporting
Proposals for a series of field intercomparisons were put forward in 1983 but was not funded before 1986

7. Examples of QA activities

12. EMEP Monitoring Strategy and Measurement Programme 2004 - 2009
Structure;
I - Introduction
II - Objectives and general requirements
III - General structure of the monitoring programme
IV - Compliance, implementation and further evolution

13. Level 1
Main objective of level-1 monitoring is to provide in the long-term basic chemical and physical measurements of the traditional EMEP parameters.
Basic parameters in relation to particulate matter, acidification, eutrofication and heavy metals. Also meteorological data are requested. Low cost methods are allowed for gas/particle partitioning. POP measurements are not requested
Level-1 parameters are first priority when extening the network.
By undertaking a more demanding programme, the level 1 sites should gradually be upgraded to level-2 sites

14. Level 2
Main objective of level-2 monitoring is to provide parameters essential for process understanding and further chemical speciation of relevant components.
Includes parameters required at level-1 plus a series of additional ones.
These additional parameters include measurements at a higher temporal resolution, reliable gas/particle distribution, chemical speciation of aerosol mass, VOCs, heavy metals in air, Hg and POPs in air and precipitation.
The aim is to establish level-2 sites over Europe by 2009
Level-2 sites are defined according to topics and a particular site do not have to cover all topics
Level-2 sites will be identified as an ”EMEP supersite” (or joint EMEP/GAW supersite)

15. Level 3
Research driven and may often be avilable at locations other than level-1 and level-2 sites, further data would typically be provided by other institutions than those being responsible for implementing the national monitoring obligations
A number of relevant paramters are identified as being of interest for EMEP
Level-3 sites may include campaign data

22. Objective of the workshop:
Discuss methodologies and technical issues related to the implementation of the level 2 (and level 3) activities defined by the EMEP monitoring strategy
Expected output:
Proposal for methodologies and SOPs to be included in the EMEP manual
Advice to Parties on methodologies