1. The Covalent Bond
Section 2

2. Remember the Octet Rule!

3. What if both atoms need valence electrons?

4. Covalent Bond Shared electrons Part of BOTH atoms’ valence shells
Between NONMETALS

5. 3 Types of Covalent Bonds
Single
Double
Triple

6. Single Bond
1 pair (or 2 electrons) shared between two atoms

7. Double Bond
2 pairs (or 4 electrons)

8. Triple Bond
3 pairs (or 6 electrons)

9. Strength of Covalent Bond
Closer the nuclei, stronger the bond
Triple bonds have the SHORTEST bond length

10. Lewis Structure Electron-dot diagrams for molecules
Dots represent lone pairs of electrons
A line represents shared electrons

11. Steps to Lewis Structures
Count your electrons
Pick your center (furthest left that’s not H)
Attach everything else to the center
Fulfill outer octets first
Fulfill inner octets last
If you run out of electrons: use a double or triple bond

12. Examples HF
H2O
NH3
CCl4
PCl5
SF6

13. Homework
Lewis Structure Worksheet