1. Computer 101 Extra Credit
By: Marjorie Jackson

2. Site License
“Site license permits use by a specific number of user.” “Local area network (LAN) versions of software packages are sold with a site license.” Long and Long p.303
“The legal ability to produce copies of a piece of software for a given location. This is usually granted by a software company (for a fee) to a location that needs many copies of a particular piece of software.”

3. Software License
“Software licensing comprises the permissions, rights and restrictions imposed on software (whether a component or a free-standing program) which form part of the Software ecosystem. Use of software without a license could constitute infringement of the owner's intellectual property rights, and allow the owner to sue the infringer.” en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_licensing

4. Piracy
“The unauthorized duplication of goods protected by intellectual property law (ex. copying software unlawfully). cyber.law.harvard.edu/readinessguide/glossary.html
“Illegal copying of a product such as software or music.”
“The copying, and/or distribution of software without the permission of the writer or publisher.”

5. Copyright
“A copyright is a set of exclusive rights granted by government for a limited time to protect the particular form, way or manner in which an idea or information is expressed. Copyright may subsist in a wide range of creative or artistic forms or "works", including literary works, movies, musical works, sound recordings, paintings, photographs, software, and industrial designs. Copyright is a type of intellectual property.” en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright

6. Pilferage
the act of stealing small amounts or small articles wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn

7. Jon Johansen
Jon Johansen developed a program called DeCSS which defeats copyright protection. The entertainment industry uses the copyrights to protect films distributed on DVDs.
Jon Johansen was 15 years old when he developed this program.
He was 19 years old when he was taken to court by the Motion Picture Association (MPA). MPA represents the major Hollywood studios.

8. Arguments in the Case
MPA argued that copying DVD’s was violating copyright laws. Then stated that in North America alone just in one years time MPA lost 20 billion dollars.
Johansen argued that his program was for watching DVD’s that he already owned, that the company did not have the software for. He also stated that since he owned the DVD’s he should be able to view them as he wanted, seeing that he already spent his money.

9. Jon Johansen’s Ruling
The Judge Irene Sogn ruled that Jon Johansen was found not guilty.
Not only did the court find Johansen not guilty the court also ruled that it is not illegal to use the DeCSS code to watch DVD films by legal means.

10. Conclusion on the case
“The teenager has become a symbol for hackers worldwide who say making software such as Johansen's -- called DeCSS -- is an act of intellectual freedom rather than theft.”
“In the United States, Johansen's case raised concerns among Internet users of what they see as a constitutional right to freedom of expression. A battle is raging in the U.S. over a 1998 copyright law that bans software like DeCSS.”
“Even though Johansen's software is now outdated, it was the first to give the so-called source codes, or instructions, for how to decipher DVD codes.”

11. The End