1. Introduction to Nursing
TOPIC 1: Introduction to Nursing
Learning Goal C: Identify the systems of a healthy body
HLT33115 Unit: HLTAAP001 - Recognise healthy body systems
Related Assessment: Task C

2. Recap -

3. Urinary / Renal Systems
Urinary or Renal system – Filter the blood to remove wastes and produce urines.
Also maintains homeostasis of water, ions, pH, blood pressure and calcium.

4. Renal Systems
Organs/Structures: Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder, Urethra
Tissue: Connective tissue, muscular tissue, epithelial tissues, nervous tissue
Cells: epithelial cells (glomerulus cells) , muscle cells, blood cells.
Molecules: water, proteins, salts

5. Kidney – filters the blood of waste to make urine
Ureter - Moves urine from kidney to bladder
Bladder - Stores urine.
Urethra -Either via the penis or vulva

6. Renal system
Responsibility for
Filtration, reabsorption and secretion
Excretion of wastes (i.e. ammonia, uric acid, urea and creatinine)
water homeostasis
acid/base homeostasis
Electrolyte homeostasis
Blood Pressure Homeostasis.
Hormone production - to maintain processes - blood production and heart pumping

7. Key Points:
Kidneys filtration
Tubular reabsorption
Tubular secretion
Nursing assessments:
Fluid Balance
Urinalysis

8. Key Points:
Urine is produced by retaining water.
Colour of Urine should be clear to yellow incolour
pH-5-7
NAD - blood, leucocytes, protein or glucose
Nursing assessment:
Urine flow
Urinalysis

9. A renal system:
Fluid in = fluid out - roughly mls per day (on a 2000mls per day intake)
Urine is clear to yellow depending on hydration
pH - 5-6
Nil presence of blood, proteins, leukocytes, ketones, glucose (i.e. NAD)
Specific Gravity

10. So What. Summary Key Terms- these are taken from our discussions
So What? Summary Key Terms- these are taken from our discussions. Please note these are not exact definitions but provide a general understanding.
Healthy renal system:
Fluid in = fluid out - roughly mls per day (on a 2000mls per day intake)
Urine is clear to yellow depending on hydration
pH - 5-6
Nil presence of blood, proteins, leukocytes, ketones, glucose (i.e. NAD)
Specific Gravity
Nursing Observations:
Blood Pressure
Urinalysis
Fluid balance (in and out)
Urinary or Renal system – Filter the blood to remove wastes and produce urines.
Also maintains homeostasis of water, ions, pH, blood pressure and calcium
Organs: Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder, Urethra
Tissue: Connective tissue, muscular tissue, epithelial tissues, nervous tissue
Cells: epithelial cells (glomerulus cells) , muscle cells, blood cells. Molecules: water, proteins, salts
Key Terms
Filtration – movement of excess water and solutes (salts) from blood plasma to glomerulus via passive diffusion (due to blood pressure)
Reabsorption – movement of water and solutes back into the blood plasma – includes the reabsorption of sugars, amino acids and bicarbonates)
Secretion – removal of urea
Excretion – what is left over makes urine
Key Structures:
Kidney – filters the blood of waste to make urine
Ureter - Moves urine from kidney to bladder
Bladder - Stores urine.
Urethra -Either via the penis or vulva