1. SOAP

2. Soap vs. Detergents - essentially the same - true soap is made from a fat or oil with a sodium or potassium salt - detergents are artificial

3. Oil and Water
Non-Polar Slightly Polar Overall = Non-Polar and doesn’t interact with water When mixed, the water segregates from the oil because it is attracted to itself.

5. Soap Formation
Saponification Reaction

6. Soap Molecule - interacts with water
Non-Polar – interacts with oil/fat - Hydrophobic surrounds fat molecules Polar+Ionic Charge – Hydrophillic
- interacts with water

7. Soap and Fat/Oil Interaction

8. How does soap kill bacteria and viruses?
Soap disrupts their membranes and breaks them apart

9. “Anti-bacterial” Soap
Adds specific chemicals such as Triclosan, which enters bacterial cells and disrupts their enzymes.
May also be an endocrine disruptor in humans.
ALL SOAP IS ANTI-BACTERIAL

10. Detergents and Oil Spills
- Oil blocks movement of oxygen into the water and coats marine mammals and birds - Detergents emulsify oil into smaller pieces so microbes can digest it - Dawn Dish Detergent