1. Animal Adaptations
Chapter 3 Section 4

2. Types of Adaptation
An adaptation is a characteristic that improves an individual’s ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment
Also the ability of living things to adjust to different conditions within environment
Structural adaptation
Protective coloration
Mimicry 
Behaviour adaptations
Migration
Hibernation

3. Structural
A structural adaptation involves some part of an animal's body.
Teeth
Body coverings   
Movement
A structural adaptation involves some part of an animal's body, such as the size or shape of the teeth, the animal's body covering, or the way the animal moves.  
Teeth - since different animals eat different things, they don't all have the same kind of teeth
Body coverings - Hair, scales, spines, and feathers grow from the skin.  All of these parts help animals survive in their environments.  
Movement - animals find food by moving from place to place

4. Coloration
Coloration and protective resemblance allow an animal to blend into its environment 
Sometimes called camouflage
Camouflage makes it hard for enemies to single out individuals  

5. Mimicry
Mimicry allows one animal to look, sound, or act like another animal
fools predators into thinking it is poisonous or dangerous.  
Coral Snake
Coral snake (left) very poisonous & Milk snake (right)
King Snake
Owl Butterfly

6. Behaviour
Behaviour adaptations include activities that help an animal survive
Behaviour adaptations can be learned or instinctive
Social behaviour  
Behaviour for protection  
Behavior adaptations include activities that help an animal survive.  Behavior adaptations can be learned or instinctive. (a behavior an animal is born with).
Social behaviour - some animals live by themselves, while other live in groups. 
Behaviour for protection -  An animal's behaviour sometimes helps to protect the animal.  For instance the opossum plays dead.  A rabbit freezes when it thinks it has been seen. 

7. Migration Reasons: better climate better food safe place to live
Adaptation that involves an animal or group of animals moving from one region to another and back again 
Reasons:
better climate
better food
safe place to live
raise young
return where they were born
Migration-is the behavioural adaptation that involves an animal or group of animals moving from one region to another and then back again. 
Animals migrate for different reasons.  The reasons are as follows.
better climate
better food
safe place to live
safe place to raise young
go back to the place they were born.

8. Hibernation/Estivation
Period of inactivity in which body temp., breathing & heart rate drop to conserve energy
EX: bats, woodchucks & bears.
Hibernation- is a deep sleep in which an animal's body temperature drops to about the temperature of the environment.  Body activities, such as heartbeat and breathing are slowed causing the animal to need very little food. 
Animals that hibernate are 
bats 
woodchucks
snakes 
bears.
During the hibernation the animals live off of the fat that is stored in their body. 

9. Obtaining Food Some animals have adaptations to help them obtain food
EX:
Chameleons
Woodpeckers
Anteaters

10. Predator-Prey Adaptations that serve as a defense against predators
EX:
Porcupine quills
Bright markings
Stripe patterns

11. Interactions Species can adapt to interact with one another
EX: the honeycreeper and the lobelia plant
Honeycreeper uses long, curved beak to reach nectar at the base of lobelia flower
Pollen transfers to bird’s head which pollinates the next flower