1. Method used to measure insect wing displacement in response to an applied force.
Method used to measure insect wing displacement in response to an applied force. (A) For spanwise measurements, point forces were applied at approximately 70% of wing span, near the leading edge (top). For chordwise measurements, point forces were applied at 70% of chord length, midway between the wing base and tip (bottom). (B) Wings were fixed to the left side of the apparatus, and the right side was lowered until a pin attached to a flexible beam contacted the wing. A micrometer was then used to lower the right arm by a known distance, applying a point force that moved the wing down and the flexible beam up. The motion of the beam was recorded via an optical sensor, and used to calculate the applied force and displacement of the wing.
S. A. Combes, and T. L. Daniel J Exp Biol 2003;206:
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