1. Ionic Bonding
Chemistry Lesson #5

2. Learning Goal
To apply knowledge of Lewis Dot diagrams and Valence Electrons to create IONIC BONDS
To learn more about Ionic Bonding

4. Bonding Basics
First let’s learn why atoms bond together.
We use a concept called "Happy Atoms” - We figure that most atoms that want to be happy, just like you!
The idea behind Happy Atoms is that atom’s orbitals like to be full (1st orbital at 1, 2nd at 8, 3rd at 8 max)
That's it … So, if you are an atom and you have a shell, you want your shell to be full!

5. Bonding Basics Some atoms have too many electrons (one or two extra)
These atoms like to give up their electrons:
For example:
Sodium (Na) has 1 lonely electron in its outside shell. It would be happier if it gave it away.
The same is true for Magnesium (Mg) who has 2 lonely electrons on its outside shell and would be happier if it gave these away too

6. So Sodium and Magnesium have two possibilities:
They can try to get to eight electrons to fill up their third shell
Or, they can give up a few electrons and have a filled second shell. It is always easier to give away one or two electrons than it is to go out and find six or seven to fill your shells. 

7. Bonding Basics
Many other atoms are interested in gaining a few extra electrons!
This is because some atoms are really close to having a full shell.
These atoms go around looking for other atoms who want to give up an electron and take them away from them.
This is a win-win, as both atoms are Happier!

8. Bonding Basics For Example:
Oxygen (O) and fluorine (F) are two elements looking for a couple of electrons to make a filled shell.
They each have one filled shell with two electrons, but their second shells want to have eight.

9. Ionic Bonding
When an atom has only a few electrons in this outermost shell, (like Sodium and Magnesium) it is part of the METALS family in the periodic table
Metals like to GIVE AWAY their electrons in order to be Happy
Remember: It is easier to give away 1 or 2 electrons than it is to try and get 6 or 7 more!
An IONIC BOND happens when a METAL gives away its electron(s) to a NON- METAL

10. Ionic Bonding: Example

11. Ionic Bonding: Example
Here, Emily was hot (metal) and Sarah was cold (non-metal)
So Emily gives away her blanket (like an electron) to Sarah to keep warm and be happy

12. Ionic Bonding: Example

13. Ionic Bonding: Example
Here Sodium (Na) has 1 lonely electron in its outer shell
And Chlorine (Cl) has 7 excited electrons in its outer shell
So – Sodium (Na) gives away its 1 lonely electron and Chlorine (Cl) takes is = Win- Win!! Because:
Sodium has 0 electrons in its 3rd shell, 8 in its 2nd (full) and 2 in its 1st shell (full)
Chlorine has 8 electrons in its 3rd shell (full), 8 in its 2nd shell (full) and 2 in its 1st (full).

14. Let’s Practice!!
Worksheet Time

15. Binary Compounds – CrissCross

18. Naming compounds