1. IAEA International Workshop on Safe Disposal of LLW
Topic 1
Development of Disposal Concept
Working Group 2

2. Major Findings –Topic 1 Establish safety criteria and objectives.
Full lifecycle required.
Priorities include (no particular order!):
Safety
Public
Cost
Site
Best solution based on current situation.

3. Major findings (cont) –Topic 1
Use other countries lessons learned
PRISMA compare
Community Benefit/ Support
Non radiological aspects need to be managed.
If possible, don’t treat/ condition waste until WAC determined. Characterization very important.
Optimisation – Integrate feedback. Disposal concept must be able to evolve, not be set at design phase.

4. Questions/ suggestions –Topic 1
Any knowledge of use of an offshore island for a disposal facility concept.
Is it possible? Any issues/ problems foreseen?
Assumptions used to prepare concept design.
Are these shared at any forum?

5. IAEA International Workshop on Safe Disposal of LLW
Topic 4
Post Closure Aspects
Working Group 2

6. Major findings –Topic 4 Licence evolution rather than termination.
Renewed on regular basis
Include post closure aspects at development of disposal concept.
Difficult to know who will be in control in 300 years.
Memory Keeping
UK National Nuclear Archive
Although no requirement, France preparing for release phase.
No consistency
What should be kept once Institutional Control over?

7. Major finding (cont 1) – Topic 4
Monitoring & Surveillance
Currently assume none after Institutional Control – may need economic analysis to determine whether or not to continue.
Limit toxic material on WAC now to avoid future issues with land use restrictions.
Human Intrusion
At end of IC period, complete scenario. Assume operator responsible until end of Institutional Control, then government would decide who would be handed over to.

8. Major Findings (cont 2) – Topic 4
Retrievability
UK & France – no intention to retrieve LLW
If any issue, other remedial action would be taken
Germany – retrieval difficult
Remediation
Difficult to determine at this stage.
Suggest acquire data now (maybe guidance on what to acquire?).
Based on risk.
Review safety assessments.
May be dependant on stakeholders.
Cost implications should be considered.