1. NB-IoT as enabler for mMTC1 1

2. IoT grounds 2
Soon: each device having TCP/IP stack 2

3. IoT market landscape 3 IoT in numbers
28 billions of connected devices by 2021*
IoT market USD 19 trillions by 2026**
More than 104 companies involved by 2020***
*Cellular Networks: Challenges and Practical Considerations,” IEEE Com. Mag., V. 53(9), 2015, pp. 18–24.
**Cisco, “Embracing the Internet of Things,”
***Ericsson, “Cellular Networks for Massive IoT,” 3

4. IoT classification 4 Massive IoT Mission-critical IoT
The concept goes back to the end to 90s. Initially the first thing that comes to our minds is some type of remote telemetry. Measuring, e.g., power or water consumptions of households, etc. Smart homes comes next to facilitate various functionalities, e.g., remote. Refrigerators with automatic buying capabilities were a dream at those days, now there are on the market. 4

5. Massive IoT requirements5 5

6. Massive IoT enablers 6
Proprietary Standardized 6

7. Comparison 7 7

8. NB-IoT implementation and bands8
Implementations
Standalone
Guard band LTE
In-band LTE
Operational frequencies
868 MHz
LTE bands 8

9. NB-IoT areas 9 9

10. Out-of-the-box use case10
Marine cargo traffic (
Container monitoring is IoT
Most cargo vessels are close coast
They use satellite links for IoT 10

11. Marine cargo IoT 11 Use onshore NB-IoT infrastructure
Case 1: direct offloading
Case 2: ship-mounted relays
Case 3: UAV relays 11

12. Feasibility 12
Downlink Uplink 12

13. Earth curvature 13 Radio horizon may limit
Recall relaying systems, tropospheric communications… 13

14. Some benchmarks 14 Three cases: direct, ship-relaying, UAV relaying
Always on satellite link as a backup
What are the gains?
Backlog evolution 14

15. Offloading gains 15 15

16. Latency 16 16

17. Mean sensor lifetime 17 17