1. Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration Chemical Pathway

2. Calorie (C)
●The amount of energy needed to raise the temp of 1 gram of water 1 degree C. ●They are released as forms of energy from burning sugars etc.

3. Glycolysis Release very little energy
In the presence of O pathway that release a lot of energy
In the absence of O2 followed by different pathway

4. Cellular Respiration
A process that releases energy by breaking down carbohydrates and O2 to, produce CO2, water, and energy

5. Glycolysis
A process by which 1 molecule of glucose is broken in 1/2 , producing 2 molecules of Pyruvic acid (A 3 Carbon Compound)
In this process ATP and NADH are produced alongside Pyruvic Acid

6. Chemical Pathways C C C C C C Glucose ATP ATP ATP CO2
H2O
Glycolysis Krebs Cycle Electron Transport O2
Fermentation Alcohol or (without oxygen) Lactic Acid C C C C C C
ATP
ATP
ATP

7. Fermentation
●Release energy from food molecules in the absence of O2
●Anaerobic – “Without Air”
●Convert , NADH NAD, so glycolysis can continue to produce ATP
2 Types
▪Lactic Acid
▪ Alcoholic

8. Alcoholic Fermentation
Used by yeast
Forms Ethyl Alcohol and CO2 as waste
Causes bread dough to rises

9. Lactic Acid Fermentation

10. Lactic Acid Produces Lactic Acid and NAD+ so glycolysis can continue
Produced in muscles when O2 supply runs out
Reason for muscle soreness

11. Krebs Cycle
Pyruvic Acid is broken down into CO2 in a series of energy – extracting reactions
The source of CO2 in your breath
Produces ATP for cellular activities

12. Electron Transport
Krebs Cycle produces e-; that are passed to NADH which are passed from these carriers to an e- transport chain
Uses high energy e- from Krebs Cycle to convert ADP to ATP

13. Glycolysis With No O2 2 ATP
Produce 2 ATP & Glucose
With No O ATP
With O2 present Krebs Cycle (34 ATP) + 2ATP
This is about 38% of the total energy of glucose, the rest (62%) is released as heat
This is why we feel warmer after exercise

14. Glycolysis

15. Energy & Exercise Quick Energy
the body uses Stored Energy 1st but then depends on Lactic Acid fermentation after the 1st few seconds (can last for 90 seconds)

16. Long Term Energy
Cellular Respiration releases energy slowly then Lactic Acid form
Body uses stored carbohydrates (glycogen) last min
After this, the body begins to break down others sources of energy, such as fats
Called “Aerobic” exercise

17. Respiration: An Overview