1. Process and Thread State Diagrams
© 2004, D. J. Foreman

2. Basic Transitions
# ready queues may be >1
© 2004, D. J. Foreman

3. Java Thread States waiting Ready/Running new Terminated
© 2004, D. J. Foreman

4. UNIX Process States C New D Pre-empted Ready in memory Ready Swapped
A=system call or interrupt
B=interrupt/return
C=RAM available
D=no RAM C
New D
Pre-empted
Ready in memory
swap in/out
Ready Swapped
int/sig A
re-sched
User Running
Waiting in memory
Kernel Running
Waiting Swapped B
Terminated
Blocking I/O or Wait requested
© 2004, D. J. Foreman

5. Windows Thread States Runnable Not runnable CPU scheduled New Ready
Running
preempted
Block requested
Block released
Waiting
Terminated
Page/stack wait
Not runnable
© 2004, D. J. Foreman

6. Linux Process/Thread States
New
Ready
Running
Terminated
H/W
Any signal or event
Uninterruptible
Interruptible
Signal
Stopped*
ULT=kernel-level process
* Requires action from another process
© 2004, D. J. Foreman

7. UNIX Kernel Monolithic Kernel Module (one block of code) contains:
Process Management
Memory Management
File Management
Device Mgmt Infrastructure
© 2004, D. J. Foreman

8. Memory Mgmt Basic functions: MUCH more on this in another chapter
Block allocation (user free storage)
Isolation (storage key setting or equivalent)
Virtualization of addresses
MUCH more on this in another chapter
© 2004, D. J. Foreman

9. File Mgmt Bound to physical device File "handles"
Directory maintenance (as needed)
Error handling
Detection
Recovery
Movement of data to/from device
© 2004, D. J. Foreman