1. What was the nature of European Imperialism in Southeast Asia?
7/30/2019 2:20 AM
What was the nature of European Imperialism in Southeast Asia?
Br. Siraj
Al-Madinah School
Global History / 10th Grade Boys/Girls
Tuesday, July 30, 2019
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2. British Colonialism in Southeast Asia
In 1819 Sir Stamford Raffles Started Singapore as a British Colony.
The British later advanced to Burma (Myanmar).
British gradually exerted indirect control over all of Malaya.

3. French Colonialism in S.E.A.
French had colonial advances in Indochina.
French missionaries had problem preaching Christianity as the authorities viewed it as a threat to Confucianism.
Internal rivalry divided Vietnam into north and south.
In 1857 French decided to force Vietnam to accept French protection.

4. In 1884 Vietnam was forced by the French to become a French Protectorate – a political unit that depends on another government for its protection.
French then gradually extended its control over Cambodia, Annam, Tonkin, and Laos by
French Indochina

5. Colonialism in Thailand
Thailand (Siam) remained a free state.
Kings Mongkut and Chulalongkorn prevented British and French from taking over Siam.
Later on British and French agreed to maintain Thailand’s independence to keep it as a buffer state between British and French possessions in Southeast Asia.

6. U.S. Colonialism in South East Asia
Commodore George Dewey Defeated Spanish in Manila Bay in 1898
US then colonized the Philippines

7. Colonial Resistance
In the Philippines Emilio Aguinaldo fought for Independence from America.
In the Vietnam the monarch personally fought the French to maintain his country’s independence.
Students and nationalists in other Southeast Asian countries also organized resistance against colonial powers.

8. Nature of Colonial Rule
Indirect Rule:
Local rulers were allowed to remain in power.
The colonial powers had the right to do trade and run the system of administration.
Most of Southeast Asia was governed by indirect rule.
Direct Rule:
Colonial governments removed the local rulers from power and position and sent their representatives to directly run the administration of colonized countries.